Aims/introduction: We evaluated the long-term efficacy of insulin regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and poor glycemic control despite oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD).
Materials And Methods: We carried out a propensity score-matched cohort study using the CoDiC(®) database of the Japan Diabetes Data Management Study Group across 54 institutions in Japan from 2005 to 2010. A total of 10,854 patients on OAD in 2005 were studied, and 1,253 patients (11.5%) were treated with insulin until 2010. The changes in insulin regimens and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were analyzed over this study period.
Results: Propensity score matching showed no differences in the baseline patient characteristics. A total of 96 patients transferred to insulin, and HbA1c gradually and significantly decreased in the patients on a twice-daily premixed preparation of rapid-acting human-insulin analogs (twice-daily MIX) and basal-bolus therapy with rapid-acting human-insulin analogs (RA) plus long-acting insulin analog (LA; P < 0.001). A total of 418 patients had insulin added to OAD treatment, and HbA1c decreased in the patients with a twice-daily MIX (P < 0.001), but HbA1c did not differ from the baseline values in the patients on basal LA (P = 0.497). The mean decline in HbA1c at the end of the study was therefore larger in the patients receiving twice-daily MIX than in the patients receiving basal LA (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The present study could suggest the potential loss of opportunity for many patients treated using basal LA to have received alternative insulin regimens and to achieve better glycemic control.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12194 | DOI Listing |
Nat Prod Res
January 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Cairo, Egypt.
The herbal extracts of four traditional plants; namely leaves, fruits leaves, and seeds, were identified for their main constituents using UHPLC/QTOF-MS/MS. Then, a pharmacology-based analysis and molecular docking verification were established targeting the evaluation of each individual herbal extract for their antidiabetic/anti-obesity potential besides their safety. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were used to evaluate antiobesity and insulinotropic effects against insulin (10 U/Kg, IP) and metformin (100 mg/Kg, per oral) as standard regimens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Public Health, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
Adolescents with diabetes mellitus (DM) experience poorer glycemic outcomes and lower adherence to self-management regimens compared to other age groups. The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic posed new barriers to DM self-management, including social distancing measures and additional stressors. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature to examine self-management regimens and outcomes among adolescents aged 10-17 years with type 1 and type 2 DM during the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Metabolic syndrome (Mets) in adolescents is a growing public health issue linked to obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance, increasing risks of cardiovascular disease and mental health problems. Early detection and intervention are crucial but often hindered by complex diagnostic requirements. This study aims to develop a predictive model using NHANES data, excluding biochemical indicators, to provide a simple, cost-effective tool for large-scale, non-medical screening and early prevention of adolescent MetS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Psychiatr Res
January 2025
Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department for Mechanical, Electronics and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
Biomarkers for the diagnosis and clinical management of psychiatric disorders are currently lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by cells, hold promise as a source of biomarkers due to their ability to carry molecules that reflect the status of their donor cells and their ubiquitous presence in biofluids. This review examines the literature on EVs in biofluids from psychiatric disorder patients, and discuss how the published studies contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions and to the discovery of potential biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.
Background: Prediabetes is a condition that often precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Literature evidence indicates that prediabetes is reversible, making it an important therapeutic target for preventing the progression to T2DM. Several studies have investigated intermittent fasting as a possible method to manage or treat prediabetes.
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