Despite longstanding recognition of thymic epithelial neoplasms, there is no official American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control stage classification. This article summarizes proposals for classification of the T component of stage classification for use in the 8th edition of the tumor, node, metastasis classification for malignant tumors. This represents the output of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer and the International Thymic Malignancies Interest Group Staging and Prognostics Factor Committee, which assembled and analyzed a worldwide database of 10,808 patients with thymic malignancies from 105 sites. The committee proposes division of the T component into four categories, representing levels of invasion. T1 includes tumors localized to the thymus and anterior mediastinal fat, regardless of capsular invasion, up to and including infiltration through the mediastinal pleura. Invasion of the pericardium is designated as T2. T3 includes tumors with direct involvement of a group of mediastinal structures either singly or in combination: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, chest wall, and phrenic nerve. Invasion of more central structures constitutes T4: aorta and arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, and esophagus. Size did not emerge as a useful descriptor for stage classification. This classification of T categories, combined with a classification of N and M categories, provides a basis for a robust tumor, node, metastasis classification system for the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control stage classification.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0000000000000303 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
January 2025
Laboratorio de Trazas elementales y Especiación, Departamento de Química Analítica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Quantification of modal mineralogy in drill-core samples is crucial for understanding the geology and metal deportment in a mining operation. This study assesses conventional procedures to quantify modal mineralogy, that includes an initial drill-core logging, followed by petrographic descriptions and SEM-based automated mineralogy analyses performed in selected regions of interest, against a novel approach using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Our proposed methodology aims to quantify the modal mineralogy directly in a drill-core sample, avoiding previous stages of selection and preparation of samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Crit Illn Inj Sci
December 2024
Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Background: Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is difficult to prevent because most patients are diagnosed after they develop it. Standard serum and urine creatinine levels are insensitive and nonspecific for detecting kidney injury in its early stages. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) has received little attention as a biomarker in AKI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKidney Med
January 2025
Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc, Rockville, MD.
Rational & Objective: Data are limited regarding the long-term efficacy of tolvaptan in adults aged 18-35 years with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) at increased risk of rapid progression. We assessed the effects of tolvaptan within a larger population of younger adults and over longer follow-up than individual clinical trials could provide.
Study Design: Pooled database study.
BMC Med Genomics
January 2025
Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Yibin, No.65, Wenxing Street, Cuiping District, Yibin, 644000, China.
Background: Advanced gastric cancer (GC) exhibits a high recurrence rate and a dismal prognosis. Myocyte enhancer factor 2c (MEF2C) was found to contribute to the development of various types of cancer. Therefore, our aim is to develop a prognostic model that predicts the prognosis of GC patients and initially explore the role of MEF2C in immunotherapy for GC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Endosc
January 2025
Department of Surgery 1, General (Endoscopic) Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama Chuouku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Background: The impact of completely reducing or transecting a hernia sac on seroma formation in laparoscopic surgery for lateral inguinal hernias remains debated. To date, no studies have compared the incidence of seroma in hernia sacs left untouched versus other surgical approaches. Abandoning the hernia sac involves avoiding manipulation of the inguinal canal, unlike the manipulation required for transection or reduction of the hernia sac.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!