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Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
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Filename: models/Detail_model.php
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Function: strpos
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Function: insertAPISummary
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Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: str_replace
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Function: formatAIDetailSummary
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Introduction: HIV-infected patients treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) may be predisposed to hypertriglyceridemia, which gives rise to a highly atherogenic lipid profile known as atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD). We propose that genetic variability leaves some HIV-infected patients more predisposed to AD than others (1, 2).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted in 468 antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected patients attending at the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital over a 6-month period, who were classified as normolipidemic (n=173) or presenting with AD (triglycerides: 1.7 mmol/L and HDLc < 1.02 [men] or 1.28 mmol/L [women]) (n=148). Polymorphisms were identified in the APOA5, APOC3, LPL, CETP, HL, MTP, APOE, LRP5 and VLDLR genes.
Results: Atherogenic dyslipidemia was detected in 31% of patients, most of whom were men (77%). This group was also older and had higher levels of remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLPc) than normolipidemic patients. The polymorphisms rs328 in LPL, rs708272 in CETP and rs1800588 in HL were 10-40% significantly more frequent in normolipidemic patients. At least 1 of these polymorphisms was detected in 90% of normolipidemic patients; in AD patients, the percentage decreased to 75% (p=0.003). This effect was dependent on both the allele and the dose of HAART and independent of the regimen administered. The protective combination showed a trend towards higher HDLc (1.13 [0.40] vs 1.24 [0.23] mmol/L), lower triglycerides (2.23 [2.34] vs 1.89 [1.24] mmol/L) and lower RLPc (16.41 [11.42] vs 12.99 [11.69] mmol/L).
Conclusions: Polymorphisms in LPL, CETP and HL protect HIV-infected patients from developing AD in a dose-dependent manner (3).
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4224864 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.17.4.19557 | DOI Listing |
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