Cnidarian jellyfish are viewed as an emergent problem in several coastal zones throughout the world. Recurrent outbreaks pose a serious threat to tourists and bathers, as well as to sea-workers, involving health and economical aspects. As a rule, cnidarian stinging as a consequence of nematocyst firing induces merely local symptoms but cardiovascular or neurological complications can also occur. Hemolysis is a frequent effect of cnidarian stinging; this dangerous condition is known to be caused by several venoms and can sometimes be lethal. At present, the bulk of data concerning hemolytic cnidarian venoms comes from the study of benthic species, such as sea anemones and soft corals, but hemolytic factors were found in venoms of several siphonophore, cubozoan and scyphozoan jellyfish, which are mainly involved in the envenomation of bathers and sea-workers. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review the scientific literature concerning the hemolytic venoms from cnidarian jellyfish taking into consideration their importance in human pathology as well as health implications and possible therapeutic measures.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4226504 | PMC |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Updated Nematocyst Types in Tentacle of Venomous Box Jellyfish, and (Cnidaria, Cubozoa) in Thai Waters.
Toxins (Basel)
January 2025
Medical Science Research Equipment Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
The multiple-tentacle box jellyfish, (Sucharitakul, 2017) and (Horst, 1907), are venomous species found in Thai waters. They are responsible for numerous envenomations through their stinging organelles, nematocysts. These specialized microscopic structures discharge venom, yet detailed knowledge of their types and morphology in these species remains limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFatty Acids in Cnidaria: Distribution and Specific Functions.
Mar Drugs
January 2025
A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.
The phylum Cnidaria comprises five main classes-Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Hexacorallia, Octocorallia and Cubozoa-that include such widely distributed and well-known animals as hard and soft corals, sea anemones, sea pens, gorgonians, hydroids, and jellyfish. Cnidarians play a very important role in marine ecosystems. The composition of their fatty acids (FAs) depends on food (plankton and particulate organic matter), symbiotic photosynthetic dinoflagellates and bacteria, and de novo biosynthesis in host tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWild or Reared? Jellyfish as a Potential Biofactory.
Mar Drugs
January 2025
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, (CNR-ISPA)-Lecce, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
The zooxanthellate jellyfish (Forsskål, 1775), a Lessepsian species increasingly common in the western and central Mediterranean Sea, was investigated here to assess its potential as a source of bioactive compounds from medusa specimens both collected in the wild (the harbor of Palermo, NW Sicily) and reared under laboratory-controlled conditions. A standardized extraction protocol was used to analyze the biochemical composition of the two sampled populations in terms of protein, lipid, and pigment contents, as well as for their relative concentrations of dinoflagellate symbionts. The total extracts and their fractions were also biochemically characterized and analyzed for their in vitro antioxidant activity to quantify differences in functional compounds between wild and reared jellyfish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow Significant Are Marine Invertebrate Collagens? Exploring Trends in Research and Innovation.
Mar Drugs
December 2024
CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
This review is focused on the research, innovation and technological breakthroughs on marine invertebrate collagens and their applications. The findings reveal that research dates back to the 1970s, and after a period of reduced activity, interest in collagens from several marine invertebrate groups was renewed around 2008, likely driven by the increased commercial interest in these biomolecules of marine origin. Research and development are predominantly reported from China and Japan, highlighting significant research interest in cnidarians (jellyfish), echinoderms (sea cucumbers, sea urchins and starfish), molluscs (squid and cuttlefish) and sponges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDe-novo Genome Assembly of the Edwardsiid Anthozoan Edwardsia elegans.
G3 (Bethesda)
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223.
Cnidarians (sea anemones, corals, hydroids, and jellyfish) are a key outgroup for comparisons with bilaterial animals to trace the evolution of genomic complexity and diversity within the animal kingdom, as they separated from most other animals 100s of millions of years ago. Cnidarians have extensive diversity, yet the paucity of genomic resources limits our ability to compare genomic variation between cnidarian clades and species. Here we report the genome for Edwardsia elegans, a sea anemone in the most specious genus of the family Edwardsiidae, a phylogenetically important family of sea anemones that contains the model anemone Nematostella vectensis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!