X-Ray spectroscopy is used to examine the effect of the manganese oxidation state for a series of Mn model compounds. Sensitive to Mn oxidation and structural symmetry, X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy (XAS and XES) provide complementary insights. However, few benchmark examples of complexes with similar structures but in different oxidation states are available to evaluate data from unknown structures like the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of Photosystem II (PSII). This study examines two types of compounds prepared in a variety of Mn oxidation states and which possess chemical structures with Mn-Mn interactions (~2.7 Å and ~3.3 Å) that have been observed in the OEC. Model complexes with core compositions MnO and MnO contain combinations of Mn in either a reduced (II) or oxidized (III) state. Within each set of compounds, complexes with higher Mn oxidation states have absorption K-edge energy values that are higher (1.6-2.2 eV) than those of their more reduced counterparts. This trend is accordingly reversed in the Kβ emission spectroscopy where the first moment energy values are lower (0.09-0.12 eV) for compounds with higher Mn oxidation states. We will discuss in detail, how these trends can be quantitatively used to characterize the effects of the Mn oxidation state as well as the surrounding ligand environment on the observed X-ray spectra. The results are discussed with respect to previously obtained data on different S-states of the OEC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/B407513G | DOI Listing |
J Anim Sci
January 2025
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
A subgroup of pigs from two experiments (EXP) were selected to evaluate the impact of pigs fed diets containing peroxidized soybean oil (SO) on plasma-based measures of oxidative stress and vitamin E. Pigs were fed diets containing SO that was either unprocessed (23 °C; peroxide value of 3 meq/kg and an anisidine value of 4) or thermally processed at 135 °C for 42 h (peroxide value of 30 meq/kg and an anisidine value of 501). The corn-soybean meal-based diets contained either 10% SO (EXP 1) or 8% SO (EXP 2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Sci
January 2025
University of Minnesota, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Feeding pigs lipids containing high levels of lipid oxidation products (LOP) has been shown to reduce growth performance, but data is lacking on quantitative relationships between LOP and pig growth, feed intake and feed efficiency. Four experiments (EXP) were conducted using soybean oil (SO) in EXP 1, 2, and 3, as well as SO, choice white grease (CWG) and palm oil (PO) in EXP 4, to evaluate the impact of feeding diets containing different amounts of LOP on pig performance. Lipid peroxidation was carried out using variable heating temperatures and durations to generate lipids with a broad range of peroxide (PV, mEq) and anisidine value (AnV, unitless).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapeutic that is used to treat solid tumors. However, 5-FU is associated with several side effects, including cardiotoxicity. Considering the importance of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system (ICNS) for the heart and that little is known about effects of 5-FU on this nervous system plexus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate effects 5-FU at a low dose on the ICNS and oxidative and inflammatory effects in the heart in Wistar rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
ConspectusLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on graphite anodes are a widely used state-of-the-art battery technology, but their energy density is approaching theoretical limits, prompting interest in lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) that can achieve higher energy density. In addition, the limited availability of lithium reserves raises supply concerns; therefore, research on postlithium metal batteries is underway. A major issue with these metal anodes, including lithium, is dendritic formation and insufficient reversibility, which leads to safety risks due to short circuits and the use of flammable electrolytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
The high performance of two-dimensional (2D) channel membranes is generally achieved by preparing ultrathin or forming short channels with less tortuous transport through self-assembly of small flakes, demonstrating potential for highly efficient water desalination and purification, gas and ion separation, and organic solvent waste treatment. Here, we report the construction of vertical channels in graphene oxide (GO) membrane based on a substrate template with asymmetric pores. The membranes achieved water permeance of 2647 L m h bar while still maintaining an ultrahigh rejection rate of 99.
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