This article reported the synthesis of fully functionalized aglycone of lycoperdinoside A and B. Pd-catalyzed Stille-Migita cross coupling between E-vinyl iodide 6 and E-vinyl stannane 23 established the highly substituted E,E-diene unit present in lycoperdinoside A and B. The other two Z-olefins present in the molecule were introduced by means of cis-selective Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction with Still-Gennari phosphonate. Evans syn- and anti-aldol reactions were utilized to fix six of the seven stereo centres present in the aglycone.
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Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously termed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, has become the most common chronic liver disorder, its complex pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated up to date. A correlation between elevated sympathetic activation and MASLD has been highlighted in recent preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, increased sympathetic activity has been associated with the main mechanisms involved in MASLD, such as lipid accumulation in the liver, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysregulation, while it has been also correlated with the progression of MASLD, leading to liver fibrosis.
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Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory response arising from lung and systemic injury with diverse causes and associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. To date, no fully effective pharmacological therapies have been established and the relevant underlying mechanisms warrant elucidation, which may be facilitated by multi‑omics technology. The present review summarizes the application of multi‑omics technology in identifying novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies of ALI/ARDS as well as its pathogenesis.
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Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Amino acid substrate specificities and tissue expression profiles of the nine CYP79A encoding genes in Sorghum bicolor.
Physiol Plant
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Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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