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Gestural Iconicity and Alignment as Steps in the Evolution of Language.
Top Cogn Sci
January 2025
Department of Anthropolgy, Indiana University.
Studies of the evolution of language rely heavily on comparisons to nonhuman primates, particularly the gestural communication of nonhuman apes. Differences between human and ape gestures are largely ones of degree rather than kind. For example, while human gestures are more flexible, ape gestures are not inflexible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCervical dysplasia in women with HIV in the modern treat-all era: Elevated risk remains despite long-term ART and normal CD4 count.
AIDS
January 2025
Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, 1836 Northring Road, Gaborone, Botswana.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of ART duration and CD4 count on risk for high grade cervical dysplasia in women with HIV (WWH) compared to women without HIV in the treat-all era with integrase strand inhibitors (INSTIs).
Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study in Botswana.
Methods: From February 2021 to August 2022, baseline HPV self-sampling was offered to women with and without HIV.
H2O trimer: Rigorous 12D quantum calculations of intermolecular vibrational states, tunneling splittings, and low-frequency spectrum.
J Chem Phys
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.
The water trimer, as the smallest water cluster in which the three-body interactions can manifest, is arguably the most important hydrogen-bonded trimer. Accurate, fully coupled quantum treatment of its excited intermolecular vibrations has long been an elusive goal. Here, we present the methodology that for the first time allows rigorous twelve-dimensional (12D) quantum calculation of the intermolecular vibration-tunneling eigenstates of the water trimer, with the monomers treated as rigid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis of Chiral Saturated Heterocycles Bearing Quaternary Centers via Enantioselective β-C(sp)-H Activation of Lactams.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
The development of catalytic methods for the synthesis of enantiopure saturated heterocycles has been a long-standing challenge in asymmetric catalysis. We describe the first highly enantioselective palladium-catalyzed βC(sp)-H arylation and olefination of lactams for the preparation of various chiral N-heterocycles bearing quaternary carbon centers. The presence of strongly electron-withdrawing groups on the chiral bifunctional MPAThio ligand is crucial to the reactivity of weakly coordinating lactams.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeographic patterns and climatic drivers of the mean genus age of liverworts in North America.
Plant Divers
November 2024
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich 8008, Switzerland.
Phylogenetic niche conservatism posits that species tend to retain ancestral ecological traits and distributions, which has been broadly tested for lineages originating in tropical climates but has been rarely tested for lineages that originated and diversified in temperate climates. Liverworts are thought to originate in temperate climates. Mean lineage age reflects evolutionary history of biological communities.
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