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Delirium-like symptomatology in community-dwelling older adults with dementia.
Psychogeriatrics
January 2025
Department of Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, Houston, Texas, USA.
Background: Delirium, a sudden and acute state of confusion, is known to be more prevalent in hospitalised older adults with dementia and is associated with lower levels of functioning after the delirium episode; yet, the literature on estimates of delirium prevalence in community-dwelling older adults with dementia is scarce. The aim of this study was to define and determine the frequency of delirium-like symptoms in two different samples of community-dwelling persons living with dementia, as reported by their family caregivers. 'Delirium-like symptoms' is a concept that specifies an occurrence of cognitive and behavioural symptoms, provoking suspicion of delirium, that represent a sudden and unusual deleterious change in a community-dwelling person living with dementia that can be identified by family caregivers and prompt healthcare seeking behaviours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProton pump inhibitor-induced hypomagnesemia, a rare cause of reversible delirium: A case report with literature review.
Medicine (Baltimore)
October 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Article Synopsis
- Hypomagnesemia can lead to serious electrolyte imbalances and neurological symptoms, including delirium, which may be linked to the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole.
- A case study of a 74-year-old woman highlighted that despite normal parathyroid hormone levels, she experienced hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia, leading to delirium and nausea.
- After discontinuing the PPI and administering magnesium, calcium, and potassium supplements, her symptoms improved, emphasizing the need for clinicians to recognize the potential risks of PPIs and monitor magnesium levels.
Refining Research Diagnostic Criteria for Catatonia Among Delirium, Medical, Affective, and Psychosis Patient Groups.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (Trzepacz); Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría de Enlace, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia (Franco); Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (Chakrabarti, Ghosh, Sahoo, Chakravarty, Grover).
Article Synopsis
- The authors proposed new diagnostic criteria for catatonia, called the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Catatonia (RDCC), which require three specific symptom clusters to improve diagnostic accuracy compared to existing methods.
- The RDCC categorizes symptoms into akinesia, unusual motor signs, and behavioral signs, and was tested on a diverse group of 341 patients across various conditions.
- Results indicated that using the RDCC resulted in significantly lower catatonia diagnoses among the patient groups when compared to DSM-5 and BFCRS criteria, suggesting a more restrictive approach may better identify true cases of catatonia.
You are safe here: A flyer with re-orientating messages for families of patients with delirium in the intensive care unit.
Nurs Crit Care
November 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
Patients in delirium require trustful communication and re-orientation. We developed a flyer with positive, re-orientating suggestions for families of delirious patients in intensive care units. Suggestions include creating a safe environment, interpreting unusual behaviours positively and fostering mental resilience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelirious Mania in a 77-Year-Old Female.
Cureus
July 2024
Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, West Reading, USA.
Delirium is associated with acute episodes of disturbances in attention and awareness along with changes to cognition, including memory deficits and disorientation. Delirious mania (DM) is an unusual phenomenon where symptoms of delirium co-exist with symptoms of mania such as elevated or irritable mood, grandiosity, agitation, and cognitive disorganization. There is no formal agreement upon clinical symptoms for DM, but it generally includes acute onset of confusion, poor orientation, excitation, restlessness, and delusions.
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