This study investigated the effect of repetitive cortical spreading depression (CSD) on behaviour and the anatomical and physiological patterns of cellular activation of cortical and subcortical areas in awake, moving rats. Rat behaviours in response to repetitive CSD events evoked by the application of KCl were quantified with electrophysiological recording. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify anatomical regions of cellular activation. The effects of acute valproic acid administration on the behavioural parameters and cellular activation were evaluated. CSD significantly decreased locomotor activity and induced freezing in awake, moving rats, and stimulated c-Fos expression in the cortex, trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), and amygdala. CSD also resulted in a prominent increase in c-Fos expression in the ipsilateral thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) visual sector. Electrophysiological recordings revealed propagation of CSD into the TRN. Valproic acid pretreatment decreased the duration of CSD-induced freezing episodes and reversed the CSD-induced reduction in locomotor activity. Acute valproic acid administration also significantly blocked CSD-induced c-Fos expression in the TNC and TRN. These findings show that CSD events cause consistent behavioural responses and activate specific brain regions in awake, freely moving rats. Selective activation of TRN by CSD and the suppression of this activation by valproic acid suggest that this brain region may play an important role in migraine pathogenesis and may represent a novel target for migraine therapy.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.12753 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
CA1 ensembles expressing immediate-early genes are driven by context switch, shrink with sustained presence, and show no effect of change of task demands.
Behav Brain Res
December 2024
Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Memory, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
The hippocampus (HPC) is essential for navigation and memory, tracking environmental continuity and change, including navigation relative to moving targets. CA1 ensembles expressing immediate-early gene (IEG) Arc and Homer1a RNA are contextually specific. While IEG expression correlates with HPC-dependent task demands, the effects of behavioral demands on IEG-expressing ensembles remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChilean brush tailed mouse (): a diurnal precocial rodent as a new model to study visual receptive field properties of superior colliculus neurons.
J Neurophysiol
December 2024
Dept. of Biol., University of Massachusetts Amherst, , Amherst, MA.
Lab rodent species commonly used to study the visual system and its development (hamsters, rats, and mice) are crepuscular/nocturnal, altricial, and possess simpler visual systems than carnivores and primates. To widen the spectra of studied species, here we introduce an alternative model, the Chilean degu (). This diurnal, precocial Caviomorph rodent has a cone enriched, well-structured retina, and well-developed central visual projections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasurement of Intracellular Ca in Muscle Isolated from Rat and Human Hearts.
Methods Mol Biol
December 2024
Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Contraction and relaxation within the heart is controlled by the coordinated rise and fall of Ca levels within the cytosol of cardiomyocytes. This requires Ca to be moved between subcellular and extracellular compartments with each cardiac cycle, since Ca is not destroyed or broken down by the excitation-contraction and relaxation cycles. Many cardiac pathologies alter Ca homeostasis and can lead to impaired contraction, incomplete relaxation, and arrhythmias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeripherally Restricted Activation of Opioid Receptors Influences Anxiety-Related Behaviour and Alters Brain Gene Expression in a Sex-Specific Manner.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
AgResearch, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand.
Although effects of stress-induced anxiety on the gastrointestinal tract and enteric nervous system (ENS) are well studied, how ENS dysfunction impacts behaviour is not well understood. We investigated whether ENS modulation alters anxiety-related behaviour in rats. We used loperamide, a potent μ-opioid receptor agonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier, to manipulate ENS function and assess changes in behaviour, gut and brain gene expression, and microbiota profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVascular Endothelial Cells Derived from Transgene-Free Pig Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Vascular Tissue Engineering.
Acta Biomater
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Electronic address:
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great promise for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases through cell-based therapies, but these therapies require extensive preclinical testing that is best done in species-in-species experiments. Pigs are a good large animal model for these tests due to the similarity of their cardiovascular system to humans. However, a lack of adequate pig iPSCs (piPSCs) that are analogous to human iPSCs has greatly limited the potential usefulness of this model system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!