Phys Rev Lett
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94550, USA.
Published: October 2014
This Letter describes the theoretical structure of the plasma diffusion layer that develops from an initially sharp gas-metal interface. The layer dynamics under isothermal and isobaric conditions is considered so that only mass diffusion (mixing) processes can occur. The layer develops a distinctive structure with asymmetric and highly nonlinear features. On the gas side of the layer the diffusion coefficient goes nearly to zero, causing a sharp "front," or well defined boundary between mix layer and clean gas with similarities to the Marshak thermal waves. Similarity solutions for the nonlinear profiles are found and verified with full ion kinetic code simulations. A criterion for plasma diffusion to significantly affect burn is given.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.145001 | DOI Listing |
Materials (Basel)
October 2022
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur N.H. 62, Nagaur Road Karwar, Jodhpur 342037, India.
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an additive manufacturing process based on the arc welding process in which wire is melted by an electric arc and deposited layer by layer. Due to the cost and rate benefits over powder-based additive manufacturing technologies and other alternative heat sources such as laser and electron beams, the process is currently receiving much attention in the industrial production sector. The gas metal arc welded (GMAW) based WAAM process provides a higher deposition rate than other methods, making it suitable for additive manufacturing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
August 2020
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China.
The 1060 aluminum and T2 copper were joined by the pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding (DE-GMAW) brazing method by using four types of filler wires, namely pure aluminum (Al) ER1100, aluminum-magnesium (Al-Mg) ER5356, aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) ER4043, and Al-Si ER4047, respectively. The effects of different types of filler wires on intermetallic compounds, microhardness tensile strength, and conductivity of joints were investigated. The results showed that a lot of brittle intermetallic compounds laying in the copper side brazing interface zone were generated using pure Al, Al-Mg, and Al-Si filler wires, which caused the change of microhardness, tensile strength, and the conductivity of joints.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA three-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate heat transfer and fluid flow phenomena in fiber laser + gas metal arc welding (GMAW) hybrid welding of an aluminum alloy, which incorporates three-phase coupling and is able to depict the keyhole dynamic behavior and formation process of the keyhole-induced porosity. The temperature profiles and fluid flow fields for different arc powers are calculated and the percent porosities of weld beads were also examined under different conditions by X-ray non-destructive testing (NDT). The results showed that the computed results were in agreement with the experimental data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
March 2018
Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea.
A feasible, morphological influence on photoresponse behavior of ZnO microarchitectures such as microwire (MW), coral-like microstrip (CMS), fibril-like clustered microwire (F-MW) grown by one-step carrier gas/metal catalyst "free" vapor transport technique is reported. Among them, ZnO F-MW exhibits higher photocurrent (I ) response, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Appl Pharmacol
July 2017
Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
Welding fume inhalation causes pulmonary toxicity, including susceptibility to infection. We hypothesized that airway epithelial ion transport is a target of fume toxicity, and investigated the effects of fume particulates from manual metal arc-stainless steel (MMA-SS) and gas metal arc-mild steel (GMA-MS) on ion transport in normal human bronchial epithelium (NHBE) cultured in air-interface. MMA-SS particles, more soluble than GMA-MS particles, contain Cr, Ni, Fe and Mn; GMA-MS particles contain Fe and Mn.
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