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CLARE-XR: explainable regression-based classification of chest radiographs with label embeddings.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science (INESC-TEC), Porto, 4200-465, Portugal.
An automatic system for pathology classification in chest X-ray scans needs more than predictive performance, since providing explanations is deemed essential for fostering end-user trust, improving decision-making, and regulatory compliance. CLARE-XR is a novel methodology that, when presented with an X-ray image, identifies the associated pathologies and provides explanations based on the presentation of similar cases. The diagnosis is achieved using a regression model that maps an image into a 2D latent space containing the reference coordinates of all findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDaphnetin may protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing ACE2.
Sci Rep
December 2024
School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
To combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, innovative prevention strategies are needed, including reducing ACE2 expression on respiratory cells. This study screened approved drugs in China for their ability to downregulate ACE2. Daphnetin (DAP) was found to significantly reduce ACE2 mRNA and protein levels in PC9 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients.
Pediatr Transplant
February 2025
Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Introduction: Following liver transplantation (LT), adequate nutrition is essential, as malnutrition may contribute to slower growth in pediatric patients and put patients at risk of complications following transplant. Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder characterized by restrictive eating patterns that compromise nutrition. Patients with ARFID may have significant difficulty meeting nutritional needs due to fear of gastrointestinal distress, making it especially difficult to manage in patients following LT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerceived community acceptance on traditional birth attendants assisted childbirth care and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Department of English Language, Kotebe Metropoliatan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: Community acceptance of Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) as professional birth attendant was reported as one of the bottlenecks that has been hindering facility childbirth care service use. Hence, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that all childbirths needed to be attended by professional skilled attendants who at least possessed midwifery skill through the safe motherhood initiative. However, many births in developing countries have been being attended by Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) mainly due to pregnant women and community acceptance for TBAs as sole birth attendants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffectiveness of traditional non-carbapenem β-lactams vs. novel β-lactams for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a retrospective cohort study.
BMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) as one of the three critical priority pathogens. There is scarce literature evaluating the treatment outcomes in patients with CRPA infections treated with traditional non-carbapenem β-lactam (NCBL) agents. Thus, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of traditional NCBL compared to novel β-lactam agents (NVL) for treating non-carbapenem β-lactam -susceptible CRPA.
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