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The importance of Fcγ and C-type lectin receptors in host immune responses during pneumonia.
Infect Immun
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
pneumonia (PJP) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality during AIDS. In AIDS, the absence of CD4 immunity results in exuberant and often fatal PJP. In addition, organism clearance requires a balanced macrophage response since excessive inflammation promotes lung injury and respiratory failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChallenges in Differential Diagnosis of Diffuse Gingival Enlargement: Report of Two Representative Cases and Literature Review.
Dent J (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece.
The etiology of diffuse gingival enlargement is multifactorial, and the definitive diagnosis may be challenging. To highlight the nuances of the differential diagnosis, we present two cases of generalized gingival overgrowth and discuss the diagnostic dilemmas. In the first case, an 82-year-old male with a medical history of hypertension and prostatitis had a chief complaint of symptomatic oral lesions of a 20-day duration, accompanied by fever and loss of appetite.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Bisphosphonates on Osteotomy Healing in Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Series.
J Orthop Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, KIMS-Sikhara Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh India.
Introduction: Bisphosphonates have become the standard drugs for the medical management of patients with moderate-to-severe forms of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). This study was undertaken to study the effect of parenteral pamidronate or oral alendronate therapy, on bone healing after osteotomies in patients with moderately severe forms (Sillence type 4) of OI.
Materials And Methodology: We retrospectively evaluated the effects of bisphosphonate therapy on the healing of seven osteotomies in five patients of OI (Sillence type 4) who underwent Sofield Millar procedure for deformity correction and non-union of long bone fractures.
Claudin-18 and Mutation Surrogate Immunohistochemistry in Gastric-type Endocervical Lesions and their Differential Diagnoses.
Am J Surg Pathol
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School.
Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinomas (GAS) are aggressive HPV-independent neoplasms with molecular alterations in TP53 , STK11 , CDKN2A, and SMAD4 . Claudin-18 (CLDN18) has emerged as a useful marker to distinguish GAS from HPV-associated neoplasia. Its role in separating GAS from benign proliferations and exuberant endocervical glands is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical, histological and receptor profiles of invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ in females with germline pathogenic variants in PTEN and implications for germline testing.
Pathology
February 2025
Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome (PHTS) is a hereditary cancer syndrome mainly caused by PTEN gene variants, significantly increasing breast cancer risk for female carriers (up to 80%).
- A study tracked breast biopsies of 14 females with these gene variants over 28 years, finding high rates of breast cancer diagnoses (85.7%) with an average initial diagnosis age of 41.6.
- The research highlights that breast cancer in PHTS does not have distinctive features, emphasizing the need for healthcare professionals to familiarize themselves with these cases for better early recognition and management.
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