Cognitive impairment and psychiatric morbidity in HIV+ Zambians with new-onset seizure.

Am J Trop Med Hyg

Department of Psychology, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; International Neurologic and Psychiatric Epidemiology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia; Division of NeuroVirology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Greater Lawrence Family Health Center, Lawrence, Massachusetts; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; Clinical Epilepsy Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; Chikankata Epilepsy Care Team, Mazabuka, Zambia

Published: December 2014

A prospective cohort study of new-onset seizure in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Zambia is ongoing to determine the incidence of subsequent epilepsy and risk factors for epileptogenesis in this population. At enrollment, we evaluated this cohort for cognitive impairment and psychiatric morbidity. Over 50% of participants had cognitive impairment and significant psychiatric morbidity. Most participants had advanced HIV disease based on CD4+ T-cell count and World Health Organization stage, but we found no association between cognitive impairment or psychiatric morbidity and HIV disease staging.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4257655PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0758DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

cognitive impairment
16
impairment psychiatric
16
psychiatric morbidity
16
new-onset seizure
8
hiv disease
8
cognitive
4
psychiatric
4
morbidity
4
morbidity hiv+
4
hiv+ zambians
4

Similar Publications

Background: Cognition is a research priority for people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but identification of critical research questions is lacking. This study aimed to determine which cognition-related research questions are most important to CKD stakeholders.

Methods: A modified Delphi technique with 3 survey rounds was used.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Transcranial Doppler sonography follow-up study in mild vascular cognitive impairment.

PLoS One

January 2025

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Background: To date, few data to transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) are available in patients with mild vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) at risk for vascular or mixed dementia. In a previous study in patients with mild VCI and cerebral small vessels disease, a hemodynamic pattern of cerebral hypoperfusion and enhanced vascular resistance were observed; however, longitudinal data are currently lacking. Here, we perform a clinical, psychopathological, and neurosonological follow-up of patients with VCI in order to monitor any progression and to identify TCD measures to detect it.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Cognitive impairment and limited health literacy are prevalent among patients with heart failure, particularly those residing in rural areas, and are linked to poor health outcomes. Little is known about the intricate relationships among cognitive function, health literacy, and rehospitalization and death in rural patients with heart failure.

Objectives: To determine the relationships among cognitive function, health literacy, and cardiac event-free survival (ie, heart failure hospitalizations and cardiac mortality) in rural patients with heart failure.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Lewy body dementia (LBD) shares genetic risk factors with Alzheimer's disease (AD), including apolipoprotein E (APOE), but is distinguishable at the genome-wide level. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) may therefore improve diagnostic classification.

Methods: We assessed diagnostic classification using AD-PRS excluding APOE (AD-PRS ), APOE risk score (APOE-RS), and plasma phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), in 83 participants with LBD, 27 with positron emission tomography amyloid beta (Aβ)positive mild cognitive impairment or AD (MCI+/AD), and 57 controls.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Chronic Pain and Alzheimer's Disease-A Review.

J Biochem Mol Toxicol

February 2025

Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China.

The coexistence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and chronic pain (CP) in the elderly population has been extensively documented, and a growing body of evidence supports the potential interconnections between these two conditions. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms by which CP may contribute to the development and progression of AD, with a particular focus on neuroinflammatory pathways and the role of microglia, as well as the activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The review proposes that prolonged pain processing in critical brain regions can dysregulate the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome within microglia, leading to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and excessive oxidative stress in these regions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!