Background: Depression is associated with deficits in cognitive flexibility. The role of general slowing in modulating more specific cognitive deficits is however unclear.
Aim: We assessed how depression affects the capacity to strategically adapt behavior between harsh and prudent response modalities and how general and specific processes may contribute to performance deficits.
Methods: Patients suffering from major depression and age- and education-matched healthy controls were asked to randomly stress either speed or accuracy during perceptual decision-making.
Results: Diffusion models showed that patients with depression kept using a less conservative strategy after a trial with speed vs. accuracy instructions. Additionally, the depression group showed a slower rate of evidence accumulation as indicated by a generally lower drift rate.
Conclusions: These data demonstrate that less efficient strategic regulation of behavior in depression is due not only to general slowing, but also to more specific deficits, such as a rigid dependence on past contextual instructions. Future studies should investigate the neuro-anatomical basis of this deficit.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.09.017 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Is there a mental health diagnostic crisis in primary care? Current research practices in global mental health cannot answer that question.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci
January 2025
Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Global Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK.
In low- and middle-income countries, fewer than 1 in 10 people with mental health conditions are estimated to be accurately diagnosed in primary care. This is despite more than 90 countries providing mental health training for primary healthcare workers in the past two decades. The lack of accurate diagnoses is a major bottleneck to reducing the global mental health treatment gap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of psilocybin on mouse brain microstructure.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
January 2025
From the Department of Radiology (P.C.F., A.P.S., J.J.Y.).
Background And Purpose: There is surging interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic compounds like psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses like major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies point to the rapid antidepressant effect of psilocybin; however, the biological mechanisms underlying these differences remain unknown. This study determines the feasibility of using diffusion MRI to characterize and define the potential spatiotemporal microstructural differences in the brain following psilocybin treatment in C57BL/6J male mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMental Well-being in Menopause.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address:
The hormonal changes that accompany the transition to menopause are disruptive to most women, and for some, mental health maybe adversely affected. Depressive symptoms and major depression are the best-studied conditions in association with menopause, but anxiety, executive function, and comorbid pre-existing psychiatric conditions all influence the symptomatology that women will experience during this phase of their lives. The epidemiology, diagnosis, and evidence-based treatment guidelines for perimenopausal patients are discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Evidence-Based Approaches to Screening and Management During Pregnancy and Postpartum.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Montefiore Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Electronic address:
This is a review of the existing literature and guidelines for the screening, management, and follow-up of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, with a focus on major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!