Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical behavior of implants with varying number, inclination, and size, using 3-dimensional finite element (FE) analysis.
Material And Methods: A total of 10 FE models were constructed to simulate 5 implant placement configurations: 4 and 5 axial implants, 4 implants inclined with 17.5 degrees mesial and 35 degrees distal, and 2 axial and 2 distal implants inclined with 17.5 and 35 degrees, using implants of 3.5 and 5.5 mm diameters. A vertical load of 300 N was applied to the distal portion of a standardized size metal framework.
Results: Increasing the number of implants decreased the stress in the bone for axially placed implant models. The short implants with a large diameter resulted in lower stress values in the bone, but higher stresses in the implant/abutment assembly than the long implants with a small diameter. Increasing diameter of implants decreased high stress concentration in the cortical bone, resulting from increasing cantilever length.
Conclusions: Decreasing cantilever length with distal implant inclination decreases the stress values in the implant, cortical bone, and framework.
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