AI Article Synopsis
- Human placental stem villi (PSV) exhibit contractile properties that were studied through in vitro mechanics in 40 human samples.
- Contractions were triggered using KCl and electrical stimulation, revealing a hyperbolic tension-velocity relationship which allowed for detailed analysis of myosin cross-bridge kinetics.
- Findings indicate that the rate constants for myosin attachment and detachment in human PSV are significantly lower (about 103 times) than those in mammalian striated muscles, with ATPase activity being even slower (by a factor of 105), marking the slowest contractile kinetics observed in mammalian tissues so far.
Article Abstract
Human placental stem villi (PSV) present contractile properties. In vitro mechanics were investigated in 40 human PSV. Contraction of PSV was induced by both KCl exposure (n = 20) and electrical tetanic stimulation (n = 20). Isotonic contractions were registered at several load levels ranging from zero-load up to isometric load. The tension-velocity relationship was found to be hyperbolic. This made it possible to apply the A. Huxley formalism for determining the rate constants for myosin cross-bridge (CB) attachment and detachment, CB single force, catalytic constant, myosin content, and maximum myosin ATPase activity. These molecular characteristics of myosin CBs did not differ under either KCl exposure or tetanus. A comparative approach was established from studies previously published in the literature and driven by mean of a similar method. As compared to that described in mammalian striated muscles, we showed that in human PSV, myosin CB rate constants for attachment and detachment were about 103 times lower whereas myosin ATPase activity was 105 times lower. Up to now, CB kinetics of contractile cells arranged along the long axis of the placental sheath appeared to be the slowest ever observed in any mammalian contractile tissue.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4182608 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0108814 | PLOS |
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