Metanephric adenosarcoma: a rare case with immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis.

Background: Metanephric neoplasms comprised a spectrum of kidney tumors containing renal epithelial or stromal cells or both, including metanephric adenoma, metanephric stromal tumor, and metanephric adenofibroma. The majority of cases were benign; only one case of "metanephric adenosarcoma" had been reported in the English literature.

History: We present the case of a 69-year-old man who developed a neoplasm composed of renal epithelial component identical to metanephric adenoma combined with malignant spindle-cell stroma. The epithelial component was positive for CD57, AE1/AE3, but negative for WT-1, CD56, SYN, and CgA; whereas the sarcomatous component was negative for epithelial markers, SMA, Caldesmon, MyoD1, Myogenin, and S-100; and positive for vimentin, CD10, and WT1 focally. No specific sarcoma differentiation was apparent in the stroma by immunohistochemistry, and no SYT-SS18 rearrangement or BRAF mutation was detected by molecular analysis.A diagnosis of metanephric adenosarcoma was made because of the morphological features and immunohitochemistry and molecular pathology analysis.

Clinical Significance: We believe that metanephric adenosarcoma should be in the expanded spectrum of metanephric neoplasia as a malignant stromal variant.

Conclusions: We report a rare case of metanephric adenosarcoma with immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis and emphasize the histopathologic features and differential diagnosis of the rare lesion to promote a better and broader understanding of this less understood subject.

Virtual Slides: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/13000_2014_179.