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Factors predisposing to humoral autoimmunity against brain-antigens in health and disease: Analysis of 49 autoantibodies in over 7000 subjects.
Brain Behav Immun
February 2023
Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Circulating autoantibodies (AB) against brain-antigens, often deemed pathological, receive increasing attention. We assessed predispositions and seroprevalence/characteristics of 49 AB in > 7000 individuals.
Methods: Exploratory cross-sectional cohort study, investigating deeply phenotyped neuropsychiatric patients and healthy individuals of GRAS Data Collection for presence/characteristics of 49 brain-directed serum-AB.
Autism medical comorbidities.
World J Clin Pediatr
May 2021
Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain, Bahrain.
Medical comorbidities are more common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than in the general population. Some genetic disorders are more common in children with ASD such as Fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, neurofibromatosis type I, and tuberous sclerosis complex. Children with autism are also more prone to a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy, macrocephaly, hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, migraine/headaches, and congenital abnormalities of the nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-brain protein autoantibodies are detectable in extraparenchymal but not parenchymal neurocysticercosis.
J Neuroimmunol
July 2020
Institute Gulbenkian de Ciencia, 6, Rua Quinta Grande, Oeiras 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal. Electronic address:
Neurocysticercosis (NC) presents a spectrum of clinical manifestations, with two broad clinical entities based on the central nervous system location of the parasite: extraparenchymal (EP-NC) and parenchymal (P-NC). In this work, using quantitative immunoblot methodology, we demonstrate the presence of autoantibodies to brain proteins in CSF from EP-NC, but not P-NC, patients. There was striking correlation between the level of autoantibodies and the levels of the secreted metacestode glycoprotein HP-10, suggesting that the level of stimulation of the autoantibody response may be a function of the number of viable parasites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune-mediated brain pathology: from autoantibodies to microglia.
Discov Med
October 2016
Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
Cells and molecules of the immune system contribute to brain pathology as well as to brain homeostasis. We suggest that there are numerous anti-brain antibodies that can cause acute neuronal dysfunction if they penetrate brain parenchyma. Many of these acute immune-mediated insults may alter the homeostatic mechanisms in the brain and initiate pathologic events that no longer depend on the presence of the inciting antibody, but rather on microglial cell activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Neuropsychopharmacology
January 2017
Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication and social skills as well as repetitive and stereotypical behaviors. While much effort has focused on the identification of genes associated with autism, research emerging within the past two decades suggests that immune dysfunction is a viable risk factor contributing to the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Further, it is the heterogeneity within this disorder that has brought to light much of the current thinking regarding the subphenotypes within ASD and how the immune system is associated with these distinctions.
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