The spike trains generated by short constant-amplitude constant-frequency tone bursts in the ventral cochlear nucleus of the anaesthetised guinea pig are examined. Spikes are grouped according to the order in which they occur following the onset of the stimulus. It is found that successive inter-spike intervals have low statistical dependence according to information-theoretic measures. This is in contrast to previous observations with long-duration tone bursts in the cat dorsal and posteroventral cochlear nuclei and lateral superior olive, where it was found that long intervals tended to be followed by shorter ones and vice versa. The interval distributions can also be reasonably modelled by a shifted Gamma distribution parameterised by the dead-time and the mean and coefficient of variation of the dead-time corrected ISI distribution. Knowledge of those three parameters for each interval is sufficient to determine the peri-stimulus time histogram and the regularity measures used to classify these neurons.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2014.09.006 | DOI Listing |
Clin Exp Optom
January 2025
Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Clinical Relevance: The vestibular-ocular reflex stabilises the retinal image and maintains balance during head movement. Astigmatism is one of the common refractive errors that can reduce the quality of visual inputs.
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of induced astigmatism on the function of the vestibular-ocular reflex.
Ultrasonics
January 2025
College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China. Electronic address:
This study delves into the feasibility of leveraging quasi-static component (QSC) generation during primary Lamb wave propagation to discern subtle alterations in the interfacial properties of a two-layered plate. Unlike the second-harmonic generation of Lamb waves, QSC generation doesn't necessitate precise phase-velocity matching but rather requires an approximate matching of group velocities to ensure the emergence of cumulative growth effects. This unique characteristic empowers the QSC-based nonlinear ultrasonic method to effectively surmount the limitations associated with inherent dispersion and multimode traits of Lamb wave propagation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Cardiol
December 2024
Section for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Importance: Infrequent intraprocedural premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) limit the efficacy of catheter ablation. Intravascular stimulation of sympathetic nerves via vertebral veins (VVs) has been used to activate cardiac sympathetic tone and may promote PVCs.
Objective: To characterize the ability of direct electrical sympathetic stimulation via VVs to induce PVCs at the time of catheter ablation.
Objectives: Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is the gold standard to assess hearing loss in pediatric patients. Multiple widely accepted ABR protocols with varying parameters are accepted, difference in standards may lead to misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis and treatment. This study investigates the quality of ABR testing in pediatric patients in addition to changes in diagnoses and management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Acad Audiol
July 2024
Department of Audiology, Monash Health Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Objective: The objectives of the study were to (i) evaluate the effectiveness of wideband absorbance (WBA) at ambient pressure (WBA), tympanic peak pressure (WBA), and 0 daPa (WBA) to identify conductive hearing loss (CHL) in infants and (ii) compare the sensitivity and specificity of the three WBA tests with that of high-frequency tympanometry (HFT) and transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE).
Method: A total of 31 ears with hearing thresholds no greater than 20 dB HL (reference group from 20 infants [mean age: 3.1 weeks]) and 47 ears with CHL from 31 infants (mean age: 3.
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