The objective of the present study was to elucidate general and local characteristics of the tissue reactions to the implantation of radiation-modified polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based fluoroplast F-4PM20 with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) nanocoating or with the diamond-like carbon coating containing the dispersed nano-sized silver particles to the experimental animals (rats). A total of 150 inbred white rats were included into the experiment; they were divided into 3 groups comprised of 50 animals each. The rats in group 1 were implanted with the 5 nm thick strips of fluoroplast F-4PM20 having the diamond-like carbon nanocoating. The animals of group 2 were implanted with the same material containing nanoparticles of chemically pure silver dispersed in the coating, those in group 3 (controls) were implanted with the fluoroplast F-4PM20 without a coating. The animals were sacrificed on days 7, 21, 30, and 60 days after the onset of the experiment. The tissues surrounding the implant as well as heart, lung, spleen, liver, and kidney tissues were taken for the histological study. The local reactions of different tissues were found to be uniform even though there was an apparent tendency toward the less pronounced granulation and scarification processes in the animals implanted with the diamond-like carbon coating containing the dispersed nano-sized silver particles. In none of the groups, the animals exhibited statistically significant lymphoid tissue hyperplasia in the spleen which suggested the activation of the immune system in response to implantation. It is concluded that the PTFE-based fluoroplast F-4PM20 implants with the 5 nm thick DLC coating and a similar coating containing the dispersed nano-sized silver particles can be applied for middle ear reconstructive surgery, being a histologically compatible material that does not cause an inflammatory degenerative response of the tissues.
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