Melanoma is an immunogenic cancer that overcomes the control of the immune system through the production of tolerogenic cytokines and growth factors in the microenvironment. In melanoma, dendritic cells (DC) show severe alterations in maturation, cross-priming and antigenic presentation, while other accessory cells infiltrating the tumor milieu also suppress DCs through the activation of the STAT pathway by IL-10 and IL-6. Novel immunotherapy strategies blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA-4) are successful in advanced disease, while melanoma cells carrying the BRAF(V600E) mutation further reinforce the immune suppression by activating MAPKs. Here, we review the major mechanisms involved in the cross-talk between melanoma cells and the immune system as well as the issue of defects in DCs in relation to novel studies aimed at restoring their anti-tumor activity.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/1744666X.2014.955851 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Role of Trained Immunity in Heath and Disease.
Curr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8086, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Purpose Of Review: This review aims to explore the role of immune memory and trained immunity, focusing on how innate immune cells like monocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells undergo long-term epigenetic and metabolic rewiring. Specifically, it examines the mechanisms by which trained immunity, often triggered by infection or vaccination, could impact cardiac processes and contribute to both protective and pathological responses within the cardiovascular system.
Recent Findings: Recent research demonstrates that vaccination and infection not only activate immune responses in circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages but also affect immune progenitor cells within the bone marrow environment, conferring lasting protection against heterologous infections.
Screening of obstructive sleep apnea and diabetes mellitus -related biomarkers based on integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.
Sleep Breath
January 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
Background: The pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is still unknown, despite clinical reports linking the two conditions. After investigating potential roles for DM-related genes in the pathophysiology of OSA, our goal is to investigate the molecular significance of the condition. Machine learning is a useful approach to understanding complex gene expression data to find biomarkers for the diagnosis of OSA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDengue virus infection: how platelet-leukocyte crosstalk shapes thrombotic events and inflammation.
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Dengue virus (DENV) poses a considerable threat to public health on a global scale, since about two-thirds of the world's population is currently at risk of contracting this arbovirus. Being transmitted by mosquitoes, this virus is associated with a range of illnesses and a small percentage of infected individuals might suffer from severe vascular leakage. This leakage leads to hypovolemic shock syndrome, generally known as dengue shock syndrome, organ failure, and bleeding complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors have shown successful results in improving skin lesions in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. However, psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by systemic inflammation including joints in addition to skin lesions. Therefore, in this retrospective and observational cohort study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of IL-17 inhibitors (secukinumab and ixekizumab) and IL-23 inhibitors (risankizumab and guselkumab) on systemic inflammation in psoriasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGroup a remains viable inside fibrin clots and gains access to human plasminogen for subsequent fibrinolysis and dissemination.
Microbiol Spectr
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
Unlabelled: Group A (GAS) is a major human pathogen that causes several invasive diseases including necrotizing fasciitis. The host coagulation cascade initiates fibrin clots to sequester bacteria to prevent dissemination into deeper tissues. GAS, especially skin-tropic bacterial strains, utilize specific virulence factors, plasminogen binding M-protein (PAM) and streptokinase (SK), to manipulate hemostasis and activate plasminogen to cause fibrinolysis and fibrin clot escape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!