AI Article Synopsis
- Understanding the bioavailability and toxicity of lead (Pb) in contaminated soils is crucial for ecological assessments, especially in shooting field environments where high Pb concentrations are found.
- The study tested various soil types, including artificial and natural soils with different pH and organic matter, to observe how these factors influence the survival and reproduction of the soil organism Folsomia candida exposed to different levels of Pb.
- Results indicated that soil properties significantly affect Pb bioavailability and toxicity, with acid forest soils being more harmful to the collembolans than neutral grassland soils, highlighting the need for suitable reference soils in toxicological assessments.
Article Abstract
Understanding bioavailability and toxicity is essential for effective ecological assessment of contaminated soils. Total, water and 0.01 M CaCl2 extractable and porewater Pb concentrations and soil properties in different shooting field soils were investigated. Three artificial soils containing different pH and organic matter contents and two natural soils were included as controls. Survival, reproduction and avoidance responses of Folsomia candida exposed to these soils as well as internal Pb concentrations were measured. In the shooting range soils, total Pb concentrations were 47-2,398 mg/kg dw, [Formula: see text] 3.2-6.8 and organic matter content 3.8-7.0%. Pb concentrations in F. candida linearly increased with increasing Pb concentrations in the soils. Acid forest soils caused significantly higher collembolan mortality and avoidance responses and significantly lower reproduction than the neutral grassland soils, which could be attributed to differences in pH and especially CaCl2 extractable Pb concentrations. Soil properties significantly affected bioavailability and toxicity of Pb, but overall the collembolans seemed more sensitive to pH than to Pb in soils. This study shows the importance of selecting proper reference soils for assessing the effects of field soils.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.044 | DOI Listing |
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