Background: Vascular lesion of the subcortical structures leads to aphasia. Cortical hypoperfusion has been proposed to be the etiological mechanism in aphasia following subcortical vascular lesion. Subcortical aphasia shows considerable variability in its clinical profile. Such variability has been attributed to the variable sites of cortical hypoperfusion following ischemic lesion of the subcortical structures.
Purpose: This study investigated the variability in clinical aphasic profile following subcortical hemorrhagic lesion.
Methods: We retrospectively investigated the clinical aphasic profiles of twelve patients who reported to our hospital during a period of one year with subcortical hemorrhagic lesions. All patients underwent routine neurological examination, neuroimaging (CT/MRI) investigations and linguistic assessment.
Results: Eight patients exhibited lesion to the basal ganglia and four showed thalamic lesion. All of them showed considerable variability in their aphasic profile.
Conclusion: Subcortical hemorrhagic lesion leads to variability in aphasia. Variability in aphasia may be considered as an important consequence in subcortical vascular lesion. Observations from this study were suggestive of better preservation of, and when affected, faster recovery of comprehension skills.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5214/ans.0972.7531.190404 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
Post-stroke spasticity (PSS), characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone and exaggerated reflexes, affects a significant portion of stroke patients and presents a substantial obstacle to post-stroke rehabilitation. Effective management and treatment for PSS remains a significant clinical challenge in the interdisciplinary aspect depending on the understanding of its etiologies and pathophysiology. We systematically review the relevant literature and provide the main pathogenic hypotheses: alterations in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the descending pathway or the spinal circuit, which are secondary to cortical and subcortical ischemic or hemorrhagic injury, lead to disinhibition of the stretch reflex and increased muscle tone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Neurol
January 2025
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.
Objective: Despite the overwhelming evidence for profound and longstanding effects of early-life stress (ELS) on inflammation, brain structure, and molecular aging, its impact on human brain aging and risk for neurodegenerative disease is poorly understood. We examined the impact of ELS severity in interaction with age on blood-based markers of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, brain volumes, and cognitive function in middle-aged women.
Methods: We recruited 179 women (aged 30-60 years) with and without ELS exposure before the onset of puberty.
Stroke
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Norway (P.K.E., A.L., P.A.R., A.G.S., L.M.V.).
Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The impact of SAH on human glymphatic function remains unknown.
Methods: This prospective, controlled study investigated whether human glymphatic function is altered after SAH, how it differs over time, and possible underlying mechanisms.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Rehabilitation, Musashigaoka Hospital, Kumamoto, JPN.
Gait asymmetry in post-stroke patients is an important gait characteristic that is associated with their balance control, inefficiency, and risks of musculoskeletal injury to the non-paretic lower limb and falling. Unfortunately, most stroke patients retain an asymmetrical gait pattern, even though their gait independence and gait speed improve. We describe the clinical course of a subacute stroke patient who achieved a symmetrical gait at discharge after undergoing both gait training with orthoses and robot-assisted gait training from the early intervention phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosurg Case Lessons
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
Background: Cases of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are rare, and the occurrence of hemorrhagic infarction is also rare. The etiology is unclear.
Observations: A 3-year-old Asian boy with CDG type 1A was hospitalized with pneumonia.
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