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Assessment of glutamine synthetase activity by [13N]ammonia uptake in living rat brain. | LitMetric

Assessment of glutamine synthetase activity by [13N]ammonia uptake in living rat brain.

Synapse

Department of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Research Laboratory for Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan.

Published: January 2015

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Glutamine synthetase (GS) plays an important role in glutamate neurotransmission or neurological disorder in the brain. [(13) N]Ammonia blood flow tracer has been reported to be metabolically trapped in the brain via the glutamate-glutamine pathway. The present study investigated the effect of an inhibitor of GS on [(13) N]ammonia uptake in order to clarify the feasibility of measuring GS activity in the living brain. l-Methionine sulfoximine (MSO), a selective GS inhibitor was microinjected into the ipsilateral striatum in rats. [(13) N]Ammonia uptake was quantified by autoradiography method as well as small animal positron emission tomography (PET) scans. The GS activity of the brain homogenate was assayed from the γ-glutamyl transferase reaction. Autoradiograms showed a decrease of [(13) N]ammonia radioactivity on the MSO-injected side compared with the saline-injected side of the striatum. This reduction could be detected with a small animal PET scanner. MSO had no effect on cerebral blood flow measured by uptake of [(15) O]H2 O. The reduction of [(13) N]ammonia uptake was closely related to the results of GS activity assay. These results indicated that [(13) N]ammonia may enable measurement of GS activity in the living brain.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/syn.21781DOI Listing

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