Tuberculosis (TB) in renal transplant recipients presents important diagnostic difficulties because of the greater incidence of extra-pulmonary involvement, negative sputum smear results despite active disease and its atypical presentation, specifically reactivation of the latent form. BKV nephropathy was first reported in 1995, coinciding with the widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs, which can complicate the cores of 1-10% of renal transplant recipients. It is also not uncommon to find the existence of bacterial or fungal infections in the presence of an immuno-modulating virus like cytomegalovirus infection. Herewith, we describe a 67-year-old Saudi male who presented with deterioration of renal function and fever of unknown origin and was documented to have polyoma virus nephropathy and disseminated TB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such an association in the literature.
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BK polyomavirus (BKV) causes polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PyVAN) and polyomavirus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (PyVHC) following kidney transplantation and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HST). BKV strains fall into four distinct genotypes (BKV-I, -II, -III, and -IV) with more than 80% of individuals are seropositive against BKV-I genotype, while the seroprevalence of the other four genotypes is lower. PyVAN and PyVHC occurs in immunosuppressed (e.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study investigated BK polyomavirus infection in organ transplant recipients, focusing on its prevalence and implications for kidney transplant recipients experiencing BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN).
- - Conducted over a year with 108 renal transplant patients, the study found that 16.7% had detectable BK viruria, particularly in females and those aged 41-60, mostly occurring 7-9 months post-transplant.
- - Notable correlations were observed between age, gender, and viral load, with older recipients showing higher viral levels, emphasizing the need for regular screening and potential immunosuppression adjustments.
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