Canadians have craved certainty as to the process to be followed when intervention is demanded that physicians are not prepared to offer or to continue to offer, even if it prolongs life, because it is considered to be otherwise non-beneficial. The Supreme Court of Canada (SCC), in its October 2013 judgment in Cuthbertson v. Rasouli, provided a narrow answer based on only Ontario's statutory regime and a specific set of facts. Or did it? The SCC's rationale, as well as decisions emanating from Ontario's unique Consent and Capacity Board, can arguably be relied on anywhere in Canada to defeat efforts to mandate the provision of interventions considered to be of no medical benefit and that cause harm.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.12927/hcq.2014.23878 | DOI Listing |
Chirurgie (Heidelb)
January 2025
Klinik für Mund‑, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Zentrum für Zentrum für Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten und seltene oro-kranio-faziale Fehlbildungen, Universitätsmedizin Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland.
Background: Cleft lip and palate is the most frequent malformation in humans that requires surgical correction but is not primarily life-threatening. That is why in many economically not very well developed countries, special surgical care, such as for cleft lip and palate, is not guaranteed at all or is not sufficiently guaranteed, so that numerous aid organizations have been founded for over 50 years to provide help by organizing surgical aid missions. Even if this help seems primarily ethically harmless and very laudable, the lack of rules and instructions unfortunately regularly leads to the fact that legal, ethical and even medical treatment standards are often not observed to the detriment of the affected children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
December 2024
PMV Research Group, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany
Introduction: In Germany, there has been no population-level pharmacoepidemiological study on the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines. One factor preventing such a study so far relates to challenges combining the different relevant data bodies on vaccination with suitable outcome data, specifically statutory health insurance claims data. Individual identifiers used across these data bodies are of unknown quality and reliability for data linkage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Res Policy Syst
January 2025
Centre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
During public health crises such as pandemics, governments must rapidly adopt and implement wide-reaching policies and programs ("public policy interventions"). A key takeaway from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was that although numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focussed on drugs and vaccines, few policy experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of public policy interventions across various sectors on viral transmission and other consequences. Moreover, many quasi-experimental studies were of spurious quality, thus proving unhelpful for informing public policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Psychol
January 2025
School of teachers education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
It is well established in the literature that the relation of spatial ability and the number representation, but the intrinsic relation of spatial visualization ability and number representation are not well understood. In the Current study, Chinese Preschool children (N = 200; 107 girls; Mage = 5.47years, SD = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Diabetol
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
Background: The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising globally, particularly among children exposed to adverse intrauterine environments, such as those associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, have emerged as mechanisms by which early environmental exposures can predispose offspring to metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate DNA methylation differences in children born to mothers with GDM compared to non-GDM mothers, using saliva samples, and to assess the association of these epigenetic patterns with early growth measurements.
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