Rat kidney was studied histochemically and in electron microscope during administration of lithium carbonate for 14 days in doses of 4 mmol/l. Morphological examination demonstrated signs of damage exclusively to the epithelial cells in the proximal tubule. Histochemical examination demonstrated a major reduction of the reactions for succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase. No difference was found in the intensity of the reaction for alkaline phosphatase and Ca-ATPase during lithium treatment as compared to controls. Additional observation demonstrated, only in histological examination, an increased number of cells of the macula densa.
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