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JYNNEOS, a third-generation smallpox vaccine, is integral to monkeypox virus (MPXV) control efforts, but the durability of this modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccine's effectiveness is undefined. We optimized and used a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) with authentic clade IIa MPXV and vaccinia virus to assess antibody responses over 12 months in 8 donors vaccinated with 2 doses of JYNNEOS. One donor previously received the ACAM2000 vaccine; 7 donors were smallpox vaccine-naive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSummary of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) Statement-Updated guidance on Imvamune in the context of a routine immunization program.
Can Commun Dis Rep
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.
Background: Mpox is a viral illness related to smallpox. It can cause flu-like symptoms and a rash, and in severe cases, can lead to hospitalization or death. The Imvamune® vaccine offers protection against mpox.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of Effective Medical Countermeasures Against the Main Biowarfare Agents: The Importance of Antibodies.
Microorganisms
December 2024
Targeted Therapy Team, Institute for Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK.
The COVID-19 and mpox crisis has reminded the world of the potentially catastrophic consequences of biological agents. Aside from the natural risk, biological agents can also be weaponized or used for bioterrorism. Dissemination in a population or among livestock could be used to destabilize a nation by creating a climate of terror, by negatively impacting the economy and undermining institutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom Outbreaks to Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Monkeypox Virus Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Vaccination, and Deep Learning Applications.
J Trop Med
December 2024
Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
After the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns over virus transmission have risen. A state of health emergency was declared in 2022 due to Clade 2 of the monkeypox (MPOX) virus. In August 2024, another emergency was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) because of the widespread Clade 1b, which caused a more severe and lethal disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistoric smallpox vaccination and Mpox cross-reactive immunity: Evidence from healthcare workers with childhood and adulthood exposures.
Vaccine
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:
In recent years, human mpox has made multiple resurges, prompting public health professionals to consider factors that lead to the increased risk for the reemergence of other orthopoxviruses. Due to the genetic similarity between orthopoxviruses, vaccinia vaccines used to prevent smallpox transmission are also indicated and have been used for mpox infection prevention and control. In this study, cross-reactive immunity for mpox was observed among individuals with self-reported history of smallpox vaccination.
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