Experimental morphologic and radiologic study of the integration of bone grafts into the host tissue and of the dynamics of the graft-receptor interface.

Bone is the second tissue in terms of number of transplants after blood. There is an increased trend of incidence of severe bone lesions with comminuted fractures, with significant lack of substance, as well as an increased incidence of cancer types combined with therapeutic advances in recent decades, allowing for large surgical interventions that affect the bones and create significant defects in bone and contribute to the overall increase in the number and complexity of bone transplants. Autografts may be used singly or in various combinations, with significantly better effects than other implant materials. Use of autografts is limited by complications from the receptor site, mainly related to infections and undetectable necrotic areas on initial microscopic examination, which prevent proper incorporation of autografts, but also those of the donor situs. The aim of the study was to assess the integration of tibial bone grafts into the femur of Wistar rats by radiologic exam and histological evaluation. We concluded that the fixing of the graft to the host tissue may be subject to some microenvironment influences. The presence of the periosteum on the grafts is certainly an asset during transplantation. We confirm once again that the ability of transplanted periosteum of osteoformation and reactivation. Our observations regarding the contribution of bone marrow endorse the view of its active role in bone formation.