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Actin Cytoskeleton at the Synapse: An Alzheimer's Disease Perspective.
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken)
January 2025
Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Actin, a ubiquitous and highly conserved cytoskeletal protein, plays a pivotal role in various cellular functions such as structural support, facilitating cell motility, and contributing to the dynamic processes of synaptic function. Apart from its established role in inducing morphological changes, recent developments in the field indicate an active involvement of actin in modulating both the structure and function of pre- and postsynaptic terminals. Within the presynapse, it is involved in the organization and trafficking of synaptic vesicles, contributing to neurotransmitter release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The aim of this study is to assess associated cerebral supratentorial anomalies in patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair in hopes of developing a better morphological apprehension of the forebrain's anomalies in this category of patients.
Material And Methods: This retrospective observational study assessed 426 pediatric patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair between January 2013 and December 2020. Cranial MRIs with T1- and T2-weighted sequences were obtained as part of the postoperative assessment to determine the presence of associated supratentorial anomalies in pediatric patients following myelomeningocele repair.
Transient upregulation of procaspase-3 during oligodendrocyte fate decisions.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
Oligodendrocytes are generated throughout life and in neurodegenerative conditions from brain resident oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The transition from OPC to oligodendrocyte involves a complex cascade of molecular and morphological states that position the cell to make a fate decision to integrate as a myelinating oligodendrocyte or die through apoptosis. Oligodendrocyte maturation impacts the cell death mechanisms that occur in degenerative conditions, but it is unclear if and how the cell death machinery changes as OPCs transition into oligodendrocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFI2Bot: an open-source tool for multi-modal and embodied simulation of insect navigation.
J R Soc Interface
January 2025
School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Achieving a comprehensive understanding of animal intelligence demands an integrative approach that acknowledges the interplay between an organism's brain, body and environment. Insects, despite their limited computational resources, demonstrate remarkable abilities in navigation. Existing computational models often fall short in faithfully replicating the morphology of real insects and their interactions with the environment, hindering validation and practical application in robotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA generalizable normative deep autoencoder for brain morphological anomaly detection: application to the multi-site StratiBip dataset on bipolar disorder in an external validation framework.
Artif Intell Med
January 2025
Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
The heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders makes researching disorder-specific neurobiological markers an ill-posed problem. Here, we face the need for disease stratification models by presenting a generalizable multivariate normative modelling framework for characterizing brain morphology, applied to bipolar disorder (BD). We used deep autoencoders in an anomaly detection framework, combined for the first time with a confounder removal step that integrates training and external validation.
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