This study evaluates the influence of pyrolysis temperature (350-450°C) and pressure (0.1-2.0MPa) on product yields and char properties. Spruce chars were produced under slow pyrolysis conditions in a fixed bed reactor. Special attention was devoted to the study of the oxidation reactivity of the produced chars, and its relationship with the evaluated char properties. The obtained results showed that the effect of the pyrolysis condition on char production and in particular on the mechanism of secondary char formation strongly influenced the char reactivity. Additionally it has been observed that the interval of temperature between 350 and 450°C may be key in the mechanism of tar repolymerization. The information provided in this study is of great interest for the determination of optimal operation conditions and the design of new gasification concepts or the development of bioenergy carriers via pyrolysis technologies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.080 | DOI Listing |
Bioinformatics
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
Motivation: The accurate prediction of O-GlcNAcylation sites is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and developing effective treatments. Previous machine learning models primarily relied on primary or secondary protein structural and related properties, which have limitations in capturing the spatial interactions of neighboring amino acids. This study introduces local environmental features as a novel approach that incorporates three-dimensional spatial information, significantly improving model performance by considering the spatial context around the target site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbon-carbon (C/C) composites are attractive materials for high-speed flights and terrestrial atmospheric reentry applications due to their insulating thermal properties, thermal resistance, and high strength-to-weight ratio. It is important to understand the evolving structure-property correlations in these materials during pyrolysis, but the extreme laboratory conditions required to produce C/C composites make it difficult to quantify the properties . This work presents an atomistic modeling methodology to pyrolyze a crosslinked phenolic resin network and track the evolving thermomechanical properties of the skeletal matrix during simulated pyrolysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomicro Lett
January 2025
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, People's Republic of China.
In recent decades, annual urban fire incidents, including those involving ancient wooden buildings burned, transportation, and solar panels, have increased, leading to significant loss of human life and property. Addressing this issue without altering the surface morphology or interfering with optical behavior of flammable materials poses a substantial challenge. Herein, we present a transparent, low thickness, ceramifiable nanosystem coating composed of a highly adhesive base (poly(SSS-co-HEMA)), nanoscale layered double hydroxide sheets as ceramic precursors, and supramolecular melamine di-borate as an accelerator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
January 2025
Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life Earth and Environment, University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, B-5000, Namur, Belgium.
ZnO and TiO nanoparticles (NPs) are widely employed for their antibacterial properties, but their potential environmental impact is raising concerns. This study aimed to assess their single and combined effects at environmentally relevant concentrations (210 μg L) on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gills microbiota and immune functions. 16S rRNA gene sequencing performed after 5 and 28 days of exposure suggests that TiO NPs had a more immediate impact on bacterial diversity, while prolonged exposure to the mixture altered community composition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
January 2025
School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
The sustainable flame retardancy of polymeric materials is a key focus for the direction of the next generation in the field of fire safety. Bio-derived flame retardants are gaining attention as environmentally friendly additives due to their low ecological impact and decreasing costs. These compounds can enhance char formation in polymeric materials by swelling upon heating, attributed to their functional groups.
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