Novel immune-based therapies are becoming available as additions to, and in some cases as alternatives to, the traditional treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, surgery and radiation that have improved outcomes for childhood cancer for decades. In this article, we will discuss what immunotherapies are being tested in the clinic, barriers to widespread application, and the future of immuno-oncology for childhood cancer. While in many cases, these therapies have shown dramatic responses in the setting of refractory or relapsed cancer, much remains to be learned about how to integrate these therapies into existing upfront regimens. The progress and challenges of developing immunotherapies for childhood cancer in a timely and cost-effective fashion will be discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fon.14.62 | DOI Listing |
Environ Epidemiol
February 2025
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Joe C. Wen School of Population and Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California.
Background: Few studies have investigated associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and childhood cancers. Detectable levels of PFAS in California water districts were reported in the Third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule for 2013-2015.
Methods: Geocoded residences at birth were linked to corresponding water district boundaries for 10,220 California-born children (aged 0-15 years) diagnosed with cancers (2000-2015) and 29,974 healthy controls.
J Orthop Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Introduction: Neuroblastoma is an embryonic tumor of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. It is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and accounts for up to 15% of all pediatric cancer fatalities. The manifestation of neuroblastoma is variable depending on the location of the tumor and the presence or absence of paraneoplastic syndromes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Background: Childhood obesity can result in adverse health outcomes. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of obesity and determine the association between obesity at cancer diagnosis and event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in children diagnosed with cancer in Canada.
Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Cancer in Young People in Canada database, including all children with newly diagnosed cancer aged 2-18 years across Canada from 2001 to 2020.
J Natl Cancer Inst
January 2025
Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Childhood cancers are a heterogeneous group of rare diseases, accounting for less than 2% of all cancers diagnosed worldwide. Most countries, therefore, do not have enough cases to provide robust information on epidemiology, treatment, and late effects, especially for rarer types of cancer. Thus, only through a concerted effort to share data internationally will we be able to answer research questions that could not otherwise be answered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Epidemiol
January 2025
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Purpose: Whether breast density mediates associations between early life body size and pubertal timing with postmenopausal breast cancer is underexplored.
Methods: We studied 33,939 Danish women attending the Capital Mammography Screening Program at ages 50-69 years. Early life anthropometry and pubertal timing information came from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register.
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