The aim of this article is to present a clinical picture of congenital optic nerve anomalies, which occur quite frequently in the general population, may cause low vision and visual field defects. These abnormalities can coexist with central nervous system defects or the other ocular abnormalities. Some of them may be misdiagnosed as papilloedema during the episode of intracranial fluid pressure elevation or glaucomatous neuropathy. Diagnosing the congenital nerve optic disc defects coexisting with multiorgans anomalies requires multidisciplinary medical care especially in babies. developmental optic disc anomalies, congenital eye abnormalities, differential diagnosis.
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J Glaucoma
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Precis: Current optical coherence tomography normative sample data may not represent diverse human optic nerve anatomy to accurately classify all individuals with true glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
Purpose: To compare optic nerve head (ONH) measurements between published values from an optical coherence tomography (OCT) normative database and a more diverse cohort of healthy individuals.
Patients And Methods: ONH parameters from healthy participants of the Michigan Screening and Intervention for Glaucoma and Eye Health through Telemedicine (MI-SIGHT) program and the Topcon Maestro-1 normative cohort were compared.
Ophthalmol Sci
November 2024
Division of Ophthalmology Informatics and Data Science, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Purpose: The aim is to assess GPT-4V's (OpenAI) diagnostic accuracy and its capability to identify glaucoma-related features compared to expert evaluations.
Design: Evaluation of multimodal large language models for reviewing fundus images in glaucoma.
Subjects: A total of 300 fundus images from 3 public datasets (ACRIMA, ORIGA, and RIM-One v3) that included 139 glaucomatous and 161 nonglaucomatous cases were analyzed.
BMC Ophthalmol
January 2025
Glaucoma Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, Tehran, Iran.
Background: To compare structural and vascular parameters between advanced pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
Methods: One hundred and six eyes of 81 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination and measurement of the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC).
Clin Ophthalmol
January 2025
University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Purpose: This study aims to explore the diagnostic utility of ultrasound B-scan while introducing the "Triangle" sign as a novel indicator. It also validates the sign's efficacy in distinguishing between choroidal detachment (CD) and suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH) from retinal detachment (RD) and vitreous hemorrhage (VH).
Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive cases of total CD and SCH undergoing B-scan at a single tertiary imaging center.
Cureus
December 2024
Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, PAK.
Background: Glaucoma, particularly open-angle glaucoma (OAG), is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, associated with optic nerve damage, retinal ganglion cell death, and visual field defects. Corneal biomechanical properties and cellular components, such as corneal nerve and keratocyte densities assessed by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), may serve as biomarkers for glaucoma progression. This study aimed to explore the relationship between corneal nerve parameters, keratocyte density, and optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and controls.
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