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EEG absolute power during extended cocaine abstinence.
J Addict Med
September 2007
From the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health & Human Services, Baltimore, MD.
We examined the effects of cocaine withdrawal on EEG during 3 months of abstinence. Twenty physically healthy cocaine users (80% men, 80% African American, mean (SD) age, 34.8 (4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebrovascular perfusion in marijuana users during a month of monitored abstinence.
Neurology
February 2005
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, PO Box 5180, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Objective: To determine possible effects of prolonged marijuana use on the cerebrovascular system during a month of monitored abstinence and to assess how the intensity of current use might have influenced cerebrovascular perfusion in these marijuana users.
Method: The authors recorded blood flow velocity in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries using transcranial Doppler sonography in three groups of marijuana users who differed in the intensity of recent use (light: n = 11; moderate: n = 23; and heavy: n = 20) and in control subjects (n = 18) to assess the nature and duration of any potential abnormalities. Blood flow velocity was recorded within 3 days of admission and 28 to 30 days of monitored abstinence on an inpatient research unit in order to evaluate subacute effects of the drug and any abstinence-generated changes.
Methadone treatment induces attenuation of cerebrovascular deficits associated with the prolonged abuse of cocaine and heroin.
Neuropsychopharmacology
March 2003
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse/IRP, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Opiate replacement therapy has been useful in reducing heroin use and in keeping patients in treatment programs. However, neuropsychological and neurophysiological effects of this treatment regimen have not been evaluated systematically. To determine whether methadone treatment reduces the magnitude of cerebral blood flow alternations in polysubstance (heroin and cocaine) abusers, we compared blood flow parameters in control subjects (n=26), polysubstance abusers (n=28) maintained on methadone for 24 weeks, and polysubstance abusers (n=22) who were not seeking treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMarijuana abusers are at increased risk for stroke. Preliminary evidence from cerebrovascular perfusion data.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
June 2001
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
We have recorded blood flow velocity in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries by transcranial Doppler sonography in abstinent marijuana abusers (n = 16) and control subjects (n = 19) to assess the effects of prolonged marijuana use of the cerebrovascular system. The pulsatility index, a measure of cerebrovascular resistance, and systolic velocity were significantly (p < 0.005) increased in marijuana abusers compared to the control subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntiviral medications improve cerebrovascular perfusion in HIV+ non-drug users and HIV+ cocaine abusers.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
June 2001
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Antiviral medications have been useful in delaying the time course of HIV infection. Antiviral medications have also been reported to delay or reduce symptoms associated with AIDS related dementia and to improve cortical perfusion. The mechanism for this improvement is unclear.
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