Pharmacogenomics has a significant potential to impact how we treat diseases. It involves targeting genetically identifiable populations with therapeutic interventions that promises to yield immediate positive health outcomes with lower or no side effects. The 'trial and error' method of treatment will no longer be necessary with the successful implementation of personalized medicine. The following is an overview of some new developments in pharmacogenomics of multiple sclerosis, and how it has the potential to improve future treatment.
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A foundation model of transcription across human cell types.
Nature
January 2025
Program of Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Transcriptional regulation, which involves a complex interplay between regulatory sequences and proteins, directs all biological processes. Computational models of transcription lack generalizability to accurately extrapolate to unseen cell types and conditions. Here we introduce GET (general expression transformer), an interpretable foundation model designed to uncover regulatory grammars across 213 human fetal and adult cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypoparathyroidism: Similarities and differences between Western and Eastern countries.
Osteoporos Int
January 2025
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Backgroud: Hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT) is characterized by acute and chronic complications due to insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) production or action. Several management guidelines have been developed, but mostly based on evidence from Western countries. Data from Eastern countries have not been systematically compared with those from Western countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic Options in Alzheimer's Disease: From Classic Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors to Multi-Target Drugs with Pleiotropic Activity.
Life (Basel)
November 2024
EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex/multifactorial brain disorder involving hundreds of defective genes, epigenetic aberrations, cerebrovascular alterations, and environmental risk factors. The onset of the neurodegenerative process is triggered decades before the first symptoms appear, probably due to a combination of genomic and epigenetic phenomena. Therefore, the primary objective of any effective treatment is to intercept the disease process in its presymptomatic phases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnterolactone combined with m6A Reader IGF2BP3 inhibits malignant angiogenesis and disease progression in ovarian cancer.
Phytomedicine
December 2024
Genomics Research Center (Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province, State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China; National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (NKLFZCD) College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China; Harbin Medical University-University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada. Electronic address:
Background: Among all gynecological cancers, ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for over 85 % of ovarian cancer cases and is characterized by insidious onset, early metastasis, and a high recurrence rate. Alterations in gut microbiota, often as a consequence of chemotherapy, can promote cancer development and exacerbate the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypoglycemic Effect of Ginsenoside Compound K Mediated by N-Acetylserotonin Derived From Gut Microbiota.
Phytother Res
January 2025
Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics (Ministry of Education, China), Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacomicrobiomics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Article Synopsis
- Ginsenoside compound K (GCK) has a significant hypoglycemic effect related to gut microbiota, but its precise mechanisms, especially in high-fat-diet-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D), are not well understood.
- The study involved creating a diabetic mouse model and conducting fecal microbiota transplantation to explore GCK's role in regulating blood sugar levels.
- Results indicated that GCK improved metabolic disorders and changed gut microbiota, leading to increased levels of N-acetylserotonin (NAS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), thereby enhancing insulin sensitivity in the diabetic mice.
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