The conventional methods for crash injury severity analyses include either treating the severity data as ordered (e.g. ordered logit/probit models) or non-ordered (e.g. multinomial models). The ordered models require the data to meet proportional odds assumption, according to which the predictors can only have the same effect on different levels of the dependent variable, which is often not the case with crash injury severities. On the other hand, non-ordered analyses completely ignore the inherent hierarchical nature of crash injury severities. Therefore, treating the crash severity data as either ordered or non-ordered results in violating some of the key principles. To address these concerns, this paper explores the application of a partial proportional odds (PPO) model to bridge the gap between ordered and non-ordered severity modeling frameworks. The PPO model allows the covariates that meet the proportional odds assumption to affect different crash severity levels with the same magnitude; whereas the covariates that do not meet the proportional odds assumption can have different effects on different severity levels. This study is based on a five-year (2008-2012) national pedestrian safety dataset for Switzerland. A comparison between the application of PPO models, ordered logit models, and multinomial logit models for pedestrian injury severity evaluation is also included here. The study shows that PPO models outperform the other models considered based on different evaluation criteria. Hence, it is a viable method for analyzing pedestrian crash injury severities.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.07.025 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Quetiapine is associated with pancreatitis: A real-world pharmacovigilance study.
J Affect Disord
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. Electronic address:
Quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic widely prescribed for conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, has been associated with a potential risk of pancreatitis. This study aimed to quantify the association between quetiapine use and the occurrence of pancreatitis using data from the FDA Adverse Events Reporting System. Disproportionality analyses were conducted to evaluate the frequency of pancreatitis reports linked to quetiapine compared to other drugs in the FAERS database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Concussion Management Policy Change Promoted Earlier Initiation of Rehabilitation Services and Improved Clinical Recovery Outcomes in Concussion.
J Sport Rehabil
January 2025
Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre (Trauma Centre), Montreal, QC, Canada.
Context: In line with emerging research, an interprofessional specialty concussion clinic instituted a policy change permitting earlier physiotherapy-based treatment entry. Our objective was to determine the effect of this policy change on concussion recovery outcomes.
Design: Secondary analysis of prospectively collected clinical data.
Drug classes associated with the development of fulminant type 1 diabetes: a retrospective analysis using the FDA adverse event reporting system database.
Expert Opin Drug Saf
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Background: Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM) is a severe subtype of type 1 diabetes characterized by rapid onset, metabolic disturbances, and irreversible insulin secretion failure. Recent studies have suggested associations between FT1DM and certain medications, warranting further investigation.
Objectives: This study aims to analyze drugs associated with an increased risk of FT1DM using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.
Quadrant, necrosis, and infection criteria for the risk stratification of walled-off necrosis: external validation using multi-institutional data.
Gastrointest Endosc
January 2025
Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Background And Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided peripancreatic fluid drainage (EUS-PFD) with on-demand endoscopic necrosectomy, increasingly utilized to manage walled-off necrosis (WON), is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. This multicenter study aimed to externally validate recently developed quadrant (an abdominal quadrant distribution), necrosis, and infection (QNI) criteria for risk stratification in this setting.
Methods: Of 423 patients with pancreatic fluid collections treated in a large multi-institutional cohort between 2010 and 2020, 212 with available preprocedural computed tomography images were included.
Aims: Whether prior treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) modifies efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) in patients with heart failure (HF) and ejection fraction (EF) >40% is unclear, thus Sac/Val according to ACEi/ARB status at baseline was assessed.
Methods And Results: This was a pre-specified analysis of Prospective comparison of ARNI with ARB Given following stabiLization In DEcompensated HFpEF (PARAGLIDE-HF), a double-blind, randomized controlled trial of Sac/Val versus valsartan, categorizing patients according to baseline ACEi/ARB status. The primary endpoint was time-averaged proportional change in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) from baseline through weeks 4 and 8.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!