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Dysregulation of REST and its target genes impacts the fate of neural progenitor cells in down syndrome.

Sci Rep

January 2025

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.

Increasing shreds of evidence suggest that neurogenic-to-gliogenic shift may be critical to the abnormal neurodevelopment observed in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). REST, the Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription factor, regulates the differentiation and development of neural cells. Downregulation of REST may lead to defects in post-differentiation neuronal morphology in the brain of the DS fetal.

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Safety of two-dose schedule of COVID-19 adsorbed inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac; Sinovac/Butantan) and heterologous additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals.

Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo

January 2025

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Divisão de Clínica de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Imunologia (LIM-48), SSão Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Immunocompromised individuals were considered high-risk for severe disease due to SARS COV-2 infection. This study aimed to describe the safety of two doses of COVID-19 adsorbed inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac; Sinovac/Butantan), followed by additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) in immunocompromised (IC) adults, compared to immunocompetent/healthy (H) individuals. This phase 4, multicenter, open label study included solid organ transplant and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, cancer patients and people with inborn errors of immunity with defects in antibody production, rheumatic, end-stage chronic kidney or liver disease, who were enrolled in the IC group.

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Background:  We previously identified a factor (F)VIII molecular defect associated with an R2159C mutation in the C1 domain (named "FVIII-Ise") together with undetectable FVIII antigen (FVIII:Ag) levels measured by two-site sandwich ELISA using an anti-C2 domain alloantibody (alloAb). The patient had clinically mild hemophilia A, and his reduced FVIII:C correlated with FVIII:Ag measured by ELISA using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with A2 and A2/B domain epitopes, suggesting that the R2159C mutation modified C2 domain antigenicity.

Aim:  To investigate functional and structural characteristics of the FVIII-R2159C mutant.

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Sequence specificity of an essential nuclear localization sequence in Mcm3.

PLoS Genet

January 2025

Biomedical Science Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America.

Proteins with nuclear localization sequences (NLSs) are directed into the cell nucleus through interactions between the NLS and importin proteins. NLSs are generally short motifs rich in basic amino acids; however, identifying NLSs can be challenging due to the lack of a universally conserved sequence. In this study, we characterized the sequence specificity of an essential and conserved NLS in Mcm3, a subunit of the replicative DNA helicase.

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Inhibition of DEK restores hematopoietic stem cell function in Fanconi anemia.

J Exp Med

March 2025

Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are susceptible to replication stress, which is a major contributor to HSC defects in Fanconi anemia (FA). Here, we report that HSCs relax the global chromatin by downregulating the expression of a chromatin architectural protein, DEK, in response to replication stress. DEK is abnormally accumulated in bone marrow (BM) CD34+ cells from patients with FA and in Fancd2-deficient HSCs.

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