The mechanism of chloroquine (CQ) resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is not clearly understood. However, CQ resistance has been shown to be associated with point mutations in Pfcrt and Pfmdr1. These genes encode for digestive vacuole transmembrane proteins Pfcrt and Pgh1, respectively. The present study was carried out to analyze the association of Pfcrt-K76T and Pfmdr1-N86Y mutations with CQ resistance in Northeast Indian P. falciparum isolates. 115 P. falciparum isolates were subjected to in vitro CQ sensitivity testing and PCR-RFLP analysis for the Pfmdr1-N86Y and Pfcrt-K76T mutations. 100 isolates of P. falciparum were found to be resistant to CQ by the in vitro susceptibility test (geometric mean EC50 2.21 µM/L blood) while 15 were found to be CQ sensitive (geometric mean EC50 0.32 µM/L blood). All the CQ resistant isolates showed the presence of Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt mutations. CQ sensitive isolates were negative for these mutations. Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the alleles at these two loci (Pfmdr1-N86Y and Pfcrt-K76T). The results indicate that Pfmdr1-N86Y and Pfcrt-K76T mutations can be used as molecular markers to identify CQ resistance in P. falciparum. The result necessitates the evaluation of CQ in vivo therapeutic efficacy in endemic areas for more effective malaria control strategies.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4126653 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0103848 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Varied Prevalence of Antimalarial Drug Resistance Markers in Different Populations of Newly Arrived Refugees in Uganda.
J Infect Dis
August 2024
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Newly arrived refugees offer insights into malaria epidemiology in their countries of origin. We evaluated asymptomatic refugee children within 7 days of arrival in Uganda from South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in 2022 for parasitemia, parasite species, and Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance markers. Asymptomatic P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFdrug susceptibility and resistance mediating genetic polymorphisms of in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
April 2024
Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Dominican University of California, San Rafael, California, USA.
Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Burkina Faso, which utilizes artemether-lumefantrine as the principal therapy to treat uncomplicated malaria and seasonal malaria chemoprevention with monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine in children during the transmission season. Monitoring the activities of available antimalarial drugs is a high priority. We assessed the susceptibility of to 11 drugs in isolates from patients presenting with uncomplicated malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso in 2021 and 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnraveling Key Chloroquine Resistance-Associated Alleles Among Isolates in South Darfur State, Sudan Twelve Years After Drug Withdrawal.
Infect Drug Resist
January 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the prevalence of mutations associated with chloroquine resistance in malaria-causing *Plasmodium falciparum* strains in Nyala, Sudan, following the shift to using artesunate and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine as first-line treatments in 2004.
- Using techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis, researchers analyzed DNA from 75 isolates and found that significant frequencies of both the K76T and N86Y mutations were present, indicating ongoing chloroquine resistance.
- Results showed that K76T mutations were found in 65.3% of isolates, and N86Y mutations in 45.3%, suggesting that chloroquine resistance markers continue
Molecular detection of drug-resistant mutants in Assam.
Indian J Med Res
January 2023
Department of Microbiology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Background & Objectives: The spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) poses a serious threat to the control and elimination of malaria. The objective of this study was to detect the molecular biomarkers of antimalarial drug resistance in Pf in patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Assam.
Methods: Malaria was first detected in fever cases using microscopy and a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and then confirmed using PCR.
Molecular surveillance of anti-malarial drug resistance genes in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Odisha, India.
Malar J
December 2022
Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India.
Background: Despite significant progress in eliminating malaria from the state of Odisha, India, the disease is still considered endemic. Artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS + SP) has been introduced since 2010 as first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mutations associated with resistance to chloroquine (CQ), sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), and artesunate (ART) in P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!