Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity is lowered in vitiliginous skin. The AChE activity in 52 cases of vitiligo during repigmentation and depigmentation has been observed in this study. The cases with marginal dendritic melanocytes show that AChE is negative in these cells during depigmentation but positive on repigmentation. There is little variation in activity in the cases showing nondendritic marginal melanocytes. Acetylcholine (ACh) has an inhibitory effect on dopa oxidase activity in both types of marginal melanocytes in vitiligo. ACh modulates pigment production by the melanocytes, its role being inhibitory. From the present results, it is evident that a fall in AChE activity in the melanocytes leads to greater inhibition by ACh aggravating the process of depigmentation in vitiligo.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000146813 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Background: Opioid medications are important for pain management, but many patients progress to unsafe medication use. With few personalized and accessible behavioral treatment options to reduce potential opioid-related harm, new and innovative patient-centered approaches are urgently needed to fill this gap.
Objective: This study involved the first phase of co-designing a digital brief intervention to reduce the risk of opioid-related harm by investigating the lived experience of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) in treatment-seeking patients, with a particular focus on opioid therapy experiences.
Science
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Itch is a dominant symptom in dermatitis, and scratching promotes cutaneous inflammation, thereby worsening disease. However, the mechanisms through which scratching exacerbates inflammation and whether scratching provides benefit to the host are largely unknown. We found that scratching was required for skin inflammation in mouse models dependent on FcεRI-mediated mast cell activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Unit of Physiotherapy, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Background: Musculoskeletal pain (MSKP) disorders entail a significant burden for individuals and healthcare systems. The PainSMART-strategy has been developed aiming to reduce divergences between patients and healthcare practitioners in their understanding of MSKP by providing a shared basis for communication and to facilitate patients' self-management of MSKP. The objective of the PainSMART-project is to evaluate the effects of the PainSMART-strategy as an adjunct to usual physiotherapy management compared to usual physiotherapy management alone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco.
Cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease results from a complex interplay of various pathological processes, including the dysregulation of key enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). This study proposes and designs a series of novel molecules derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline (Azo-8HQ) as potential multi-target lead candidates for treating AD. An exhaustive in silico analysis was conducted, encompassing docking studies, ADMET analysis, density functional theory (DFT) studies, molecular dynamics simulations, and subsequent MM-GBSA calculations to examine the pharmacological potential of these molecules with the specific targets of interest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurochem Res
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Neuropathic pain (NP) imposes a significant burden on individuals, manifesting as nociceptive anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity, and spontaneous pain. Previous studies have shown that traumatic stress in the nervous system can lead to excessive production of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the gut. As a toxic gas, it can damage the nervous system through the gut-brain axis.
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