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A qualitative exploration of the enablers of and barriers to conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods on smallholding, peri-urban pig farms in Kiambu County, Kenya.
PLoS One
January 2025
Animal and Human Health Department, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Non-conformance with antibiotic withdrawal period guidelines represents a food safety concern, with potential for antibiotic toxicities and allergic reactions as well as selecting for antibiotic resistance. In the Kenyan domestic pig market, conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods is not a requirement of government legislation and evidence suggests that antibiotic residues may frequently be above recommended limits. In this study, we sought to explore enablers of and barriers to conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods for pig farms supplying a local independent abattoir in peri-urban Nairobi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredictors of Participation in Prenatal Substance Use Assessment, Counseling, and Treatment Among Pregnant Individuals in Prenatal Settings Who Use Cannabis.
J Addict Med
November 2024
From the, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (GTL); Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (GTL); Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA (FWC, KCY-W, MBD, CIC); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA (KCY-W, CIC); and Regional Offices, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland CA (DA, CC, AHA, AE).
Objectives: Assessment and counseling are recommended for individuals with prenatal cannabis use. We examined characteristics that predict prenatal substance use assessment and counseling among individuals who screened positive for prenatal cannabis use in prenatal settings.
Methods: Electronic health record data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California's Early Start perinatal substance use screening, assessment, and counseling program was used to identify individuals with ≥1 pregnancies positive for prenatal cannabis use.
Protein Engineering of Substrate Specificity toward Nitrilases: Strategies and Challenges.
J Agric Food Chem
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
Nitrilase is extensively applied across diverse sectors owing to its unique catalytic properties. Nevertheless, in industrial production, nitrilases often face issues such as low catalytic efficiency, limited substrate range, suboptimal selectivity, and side reaction products, which have garnered heightened attention. With the widespread recognition that the structure of enzymes has a direct impact on their catalytic properties, an increasing number of researchers are beginning to optimize the functional characteristics of nitrilases by modifying their structures, in order to meet specific industrial or biotechnology application needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoordinating uncertainty in the political economy of cyber threat intelligence.
Soc Stud Sci
January 2025
King's College London, London, UK.
Cyber threat intelligence firms play a powerful role in producing knowledge, uncertainty, and ignorance about threats to organizations and governments globally. Drawing on historical and ethnographic methods, we show how cyber threat intelligence analysts navigate distinctive types of uncertainty as they transform digital traces into marketable products and services. We make two related contributions and arguments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Primer on Private Equity Ownership in ABA.
Behav Anal Pract
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Salve Regina University, 100 Ochre Point Avenue, Newport, RI 02840 USA.
The applied behavior analysis (ABA) service industry is currently estimated to be worth at least $4 billion. As a result of potential profits that can be made from ABA services, for-profit organizations have become more common in the field. One type of for-profit organization that has become especially prominent in the ABA service industry is private equity (PE)-owned ABA companies.
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