To avoid the use of ultrasound transducers and coupling gel in photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), we propose photo-acousto-optic tomography (PAOT) for noncontact photoacoustic (PA) sensing. The process consists of two parts. The first portion is the same as typical PAM, which employs a pulsed laser to induce acoustic waves. The difference from typical methods lies in the second part of the process, which applies a DC beam, rather than a conventional transducer, to sense the PA signal. A two-beam optical microscope system was designed to verify the PAOT effect, whereby an AC spot acted as the source to induce a PA signal, while a DC beam is applied to induce the acousto-optic effect for detection of the acoustic wave. We demonstrated the preliminary result that 5-100 Hz AC radiation could derive PA waves in a water-like medium along with detection sensitivity as high as 4.9%-10.0%; besides, the signal waveform could be detected by a DC spot 10-100 μm away for noncontact sensing with detection sensitivity of about 3.7%-10.4%. Without the need for a transducer or coupling gel, PAOT has the potential to modify conventional PAM into a pure optical system, which could make PA imaging more promising in practical applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.000E47 | DOI Listing |
Anal Chem
January 2025
School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China.
A linear spot-type multipass cell-enhanced fiber-optic photoacoustic gas microprobe is proposed. To further reduce the volume of the gas chamber and enhance the photoacoustic signal, we designed the cross section of the photoacoustic tube as a slit with a height of 10 mm and a width of 1.5 mm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China.
A highly sensitive sulfur dioxide (SO) photoacoustic gas sensor was developed for the sulfur hexafluoride (SF) decomposition detection in electric power systems by using a novel 266 nm low-cost high-power solid-state pulse laser and a high -factor differential photoacoustic cell. The ultraviolet (UV) pulse laser is based on a passive -switching technology with a high output power of 28 mW. The photoacoustic signal was normalized to the laser power to solve the fluctuation of the photoacoustic signal due to the power instability of the UV laser.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Sens
January 2025
Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
Human breath gas analysis is a noninvasive disease diagnostic approach used to identify different pathological conditions in the human body. Monitoring breath acetone (CHO) and ammonia (NH) as biomarkers is vital in diagnosing diabetes mellitus and liver disorders, respectively. In this article, the quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) technique is proposed and demonstrated for measuring CHO and NH in human exhaled breath samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotoacoustics
February 2025
College of Control Science & Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
Traditional beat frequency quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (BF-QEPAS) are limited by short energy accumulation times and the necessity of a decay period, leading to weaker signals and longer measurement cycles. Herein, we present a novel optomechanical energy-enhanced (OEE-) BF-QEPAS technique for fast and sensitive gas sensing. Our approach employs periodic pulse-width modulation (PWM) of the laser signal with an optimized duty cycle, maintaining the quartz tuning fork's (QTF) output at a stable steady-state level by applying stimulus signals at each half-period and allowing free vibration in alternate half-periods to minimize energy dissipation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensitive detection of incident acoustic waves over a broad frequency band offers a faithful representation of photoacoustic pressure transients of biological microstructures. Here, we propose a plasmon waveguide resonance sensor for responding to the photoacoustic impulses. By sequentially depositing Au, MgF, and SiO films on a coverslip, a composite waveguide layer produces a tightly confined optical evanescent field at the SiO-water interface with extremely strong electric field intensity, enabling the retrieval of photoacoustic signals with an estimated noise-equivalent-pressure (NEP) sensitivity of ∼92 Pa and a -6-dB bandwidth of ∼208 MHz.
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