AI Article Synopsis
- Metacognition refers to the awareness of one's thoughts and behaviors, with metacognitive efficiency linking subjective reports to actual behavior; understanding its changes with age is crucial since poor metacognition can lead to incorrect self-assessments, like overestimating driving skills despite accidents.
- A study measured metacognitive efficiency in perception and memory among healthy adults aged 18 to 84, finding a significant decline in perceptual metacognitive efficiency with age, while memory metacognitive efficiency showed no significant change.
- The research indicated a gradual annual decline of about 0.6% in metacognitive efficiency with age, suggesting that as people get older, discrepancies between their beliefs and actual behaviors may become more pronounced.
Article Abstract
Humans have a capacity to become aware of thoughts and behaviours known as metacognition. Metacognitive efficiency refers to the relationship between subjective reports and objective behaviour. Understanding how this efficiency changes as we age is important because poor metacognition can lead to negative consequences, such as believing one is a good driver despite a recent spate of accidents. We quantified metacognition in two cognitive domains, perception and memory, in healthy adults between 18 and 84years old, employing measures that dissociate objective task performance from metacognitive efficiency. We identified a marked decrease in perceptual metacognitive efficiency with age and a non-significant decrease in memory metacognitive efficiency. No significant relationship was identified between executive function and metacognition in either domain. Annual decline in metacognitive efficiency after controlling for executive function was ∼0.6%. Decreases in metacognitive efficiency may explain why dissociations between behaviour and beliefs become more marked as we age.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154452 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2014.06.007 | DOI Listing |
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