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MicroRNA in neuroexosome as a potential biomarker for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
J Neurovirol
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a complication of chronic inflammation caused by HIV infection that impairs cognitive and motor functions. HAND can occur at any age, regardless of the duration of infection, even in people living with HIV (PLWH) whose blood viral load is controlled by antiretroviral therapy. The diagnosis of HAND requires a battery of neuropsychological tests, which is time-consuming and burdensome, limiting its effectiveness for screening PLWH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging role of adaptive immunity in diabetes-induced cognitive impairment: from the periphery to the brain.
Metab Brain Dis
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
Diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is a central nervous system complication induced by peripheral metabolic dysfunction of diabetes mellitus. Cumulative studies have shown that neuro-immune crosstalk is involved in the pathological progression of DCI. However, current studies mostly focus on the interaction between innate immunity cells and neurons, while ignoring the role of adaptive immunity cells in DCI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent understanding and prospects for targeting neurogenesis in the treatment of cognitive impairment.
Neural Regen Res
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is linked to memory formation In the adult brain, with new neurons in the hippocampus exhibiting greater plasticity during their immature stages compared to mature neurons. Abnormal adult hippocampal neurogenesis is closely associated with cognitive impairment in central nervous system diseases. Targeting and regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been shown to improve cognitive deficits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystematic review of amyloid-beta clearance proteins from the brain to the periphery: implications for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapeutic targets.
Neural Regen Res
January 2025
Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
Amyloid-beta clearance plays a key role In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the variation in functional proteins involved in amyloid-beta clearance and their correlation with amyloid-beta levels remain unclear. In this study, we conducted meta-analyses and a systematic review using studies from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases, including journal articles published from inception to June 30, 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of cerebellum in controlling eye movements is well established, but its contribution to more complex forms of visual behavior has remained elusive. To study cerebellar activity during visual attention we recorded extracellular activity of dentate nucleus (DN) neurons in two non-human primates (NHPs). NHPs were trained to read the direction indicated by a peripheral visual stimulus while maintaining fixation at the center, and report the direction of the cue by performing a saccadic eye movement into the same direction following a delay.
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