AI Article Synopsis
- The study successfully isolated cellulose fibers and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from Norway spruce bark for the first time, contributing to the "bark biorefinery" concept aimed at creating value-added products.
- Chemical composition analyses monitored the removal of non-cellulosic materials, and the morphology of CNCs was examined using AFM, revealing an average length of 175.3 nm and diameter of 2.8 nm, resulting in an aspect ratio of about 63.
- X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that the crystallinity index of CNCs increased to over 80% with further treatments, and the thermal degradation of these CNCs initiated at 190 °C, highlighting spruce bark's
Article Abstract
The present study reports for the first time the isolation of cellulose fibers and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from the bark of Norway spruce. The upgrading of bark cellulose to value-added products, such as CNCs, is part of the "bark biorefinery" concept. The removal of non-cellulosic constituents was monitored throughout the isolation process by detailed chemical composition analyses. The morphological investigation of the CNCs was performed using AFM and showed the presence of nanocrystals with an average length of 175.3 nm and a diameter of 2.8 nm, giving an aspect ratio of around 63. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that the crystallinity index increased with successive treatments to reach a final value greater than 80% for CNCs. The thermal degradation of the isolated bark CNCs started at 190 °C. Spruce bark appeared to be a new promising industrial source of cellulose fibers and CNCs.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.092 | DOI Listing |
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