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http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2013.4.3.8 | DOI Listing |
Lancet
January 2025
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy.
Background: Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is standard of care for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that is amenable to embolisation; however, median progression-free survival is still approximately 7 months. We aimed to assess whether adding durvalumab, with or without bevacizumab, might improve progression-free survival.
Methods: In this multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (EMERALD-1), adults aged 18 years or older with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma amenable to embolisation, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 at enrolment, and at least one measurable intrahepatic lesion per modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) were enrolled at 157 medical sites including research centres and general and specialist hospitals in 18 countries.
Adverse financial burden and its effect on patients resulting from the costs associated with cancer care, both direct and indirect, is known as financial toxicity. This review explores the interplay between financial toxicity and key social and legal needs in cancer care. Drawing from the WHO's framework and the ASCO's policy statement on social determinants of health, we propose a conceptual model that discusses five key needs-housing insecurity, food insecurity, transportation and access barriers, employment disruptions, and psychosocial needs-which interact with, and are affected by financial toxicity, and adversely influence patients' well-being and adherence to treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Cancer
January 2025
Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors can lead to 'exceptional', durable responses in a subset of persons. However, the molecular basis of exceptional response (ER) to immunotherapy in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) has not been well characterized. Here we analyzed pretherapy genomic and transcriptomic data in treatment-naive persons with mccRCC treated with standard-of-care immunotherapies: (1) combination of programmed cell death protein and ligand 1 (PD1/PDL1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 inhibitors (IO/IO) or (2) combination of PD1/PDL1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitors (IO/VEGF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGynecol Oncol
January 2025
Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
Introduction: Molecular alterations in the PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways are frequently observed in patients with endometrial cancers. However, mTOR inhibitors, such as temsirolimus, have modest clinical benefits. In addition to inducing metabolic changes in cells, metformin activates AMPK, which in turn inhibits the mTOR pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Oncol
January 2025
Jefferson Einstein Medical Center, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
Purpose: To evaluate evidence on germline and somatic genomic testing for patients with metastatic prostate cancer and provide recommendations.
Methods: A systematic review by a multidisciplinary panel with patient representation was conducted. The PubMed database was searched from January 2018 to May 2024.
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