Four cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacterial cultures were purchased from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Culture (DSMZ) and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Two experiments were conducted; the objective of the first experiment was to determine the optimum time period required for solid state fermentation (SSF) of palm kernel cake (PKC), whereas the objective of the second experiment was to investigate the effect of combinations of these cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria on the nutritive quality of the PKC. In the first experiment, the SSF was lasted for 12 days with inoculum size of 10% (v/w) on different PKC to moisture ratios. In the second experiment, fifteen combinations were created among the four microbes with one untreated PKC as a control. The SSF lasted for 9 days, and the samples were autoclaved, dried, and analyzed for proximate analysis. Results showed that bacterial cultures produced high enzymes activities at the 4th day of SSF, whereas their abilities to produce enzymes tended to be decreased to reach zero at the 8th day of SSF. Findings in the second experiment showed that hemicellulose and cellulose was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, whereas the amount of reducing sugars were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the fermented PKC (FPKC) compared with untreated PKC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/729852 | DOI Listing |
Foods
October 2024
Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Fruit juice production is one of the most important branches of the food and beverage industry, considering both the market size and demand. It is also one of the largest generators of industrial wastewater, considering the large consumption of fresh water during fruit processing. Hence, the appropriate treatment strategies are of the utmost importance to minimize the environmental footprint of food industry effluents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiome
October 2024
RG Insect Microbiology and Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem
November 2024
Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.
Paenibacillus xylaniclasticus strain TW1 is a promising tool for decomposing xylan-containing lignocellulosic biomass, since this strain possesses various genes encoding cellulolytic/hemicellulolytic enzymes. In this study, PxRex8A from the TW1 strain was found to be a reducing-end xylose-releasing exo-oligoxylanase of glycoside hydrolase family 8, which cleaves xylose from xylooligosaccharides of corn core xylan. In a synergistic assay, the efficient decomposition of oat spelt xylan (OSX) and beech wood xylan was exemplified in the combination of endo-β-1,4-xylanase (PxXyn11A) and PxRex8A from the TW1 strain in a molar ratio of 4:1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Syst Evol Microbiol
August 2024
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, orange-coloured bacterial strains, designated strain C216 and strain M2295, were isolated from mature mushroom compost from composting facilities in Victoria and South Australia, Australia, respectively. External structures such as flagella or pili were not observed on the cells under scanning electron microscopy. Optimal growth was found to occur at 45 °C, at pH 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2024
Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Processing and Product Development, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address:
This study investigates the synthesis of (hemi)cellulolytic enzymes, including endoglucanase (CMCase), xylanase, and β-glucosidase, employing Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 and deoiled oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) through solid-state fermentation (SSF). The objective was to determine the optimal process conditions for achieving high enzyme activities through a one-factor-at-a-time approach. The study primarily focused on the impact of the solid-to-liquid ratio, incubation period, initial pH, and temperature on enzyme activity.
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