Based on data analysis concerning the character and the frequency of diseases as well as medication therapy costs, there has been developed a functional model of the provision of needs in costs on medication aid for elderly and advanced old people in patient care institutions. This model allows take into account age peculiarities of the patients (polymorbidity, disease severity, regional differences in the character of pathology).
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EClinicalMedicine
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Department of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
Patients with cancer expect prolonged life (overall survival, OS) or better life (quality of life, QOL) from cancer treatments. However, majority of new cancer drugs are now being approved not based on improved OS or QOL, but based on surrogate endpoints such as tumor shrinkage or delayed tumor progression. These surrogate endpoints, including their validity as a proxy for overall survival, differ based on disease settings and lines of treatment but in general, most surrogate measures have weak correlation with outcomes that matter to patients.
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