AI Article Synopsis
- Increasing soil salinity significantly affects the secondary metabolism of crops, particularly in white clover, which may alter food quality and pest resistance.
- Experimental observations revealed that salinity increases cyanogenic potential (HCNp) in white clover, enhancing its defense against herbivores while other parameters like protein concentration and enzyme activity remained stable.
- The study suggests that higher salinity in soil can improve the plant's resistance to pests, highlighting the need for further research on the implications for livestock grazing.
Article Abstract
Background And Aims: Increasing soil salinity poses a major plant stress in agro-ecosystems worldwide. Surprisingly little is known about the quantitative effect of elevated salinity on secondary metabolism in many agricultural crops. Such salt-mediated changes in defence-associated compounds may significantly alter the quality of food and forage plants as well as their resistance against pests. In the present study, the effects of soil salinity on cyanogenesis in white clover (Trifolium repens), a forage crop of international importance, are analysed.
Methods: Experimental clonal plants were exposed to five levels of soil salinity, and cyanogenic potential (HCNp, total amount of accumulated cyanide in a given plant tissue), β-glucosidase activity, soluble protein concentration and biomass production were quantified. The attractiveness of plant material grown under the different salt treatments was tested using cafeteria-style feeding trials with a generalist (grey garden slug, Deroceras reticulatum) and a specialist (clover leaf weevil, Hypera punctata) herbivore.
Key Results: Salt treatment resulted in an upregulation of HCNp, whereas β-glucosidase activity and soluble protein concentration showed no significant variation among treatments. Leaf area consumption of both herbivore species was negatively correlated with HCNp, indicating bottom-up effects of salinity-mediated changes in HCNp on plant consumers.
Conclusions: The results suggest that soil salinity leads to an upregulation of cyanogenesis in white clover, which results in enhanced resistance against two different natural herbivores. The potential implications for such salinity-mediated changes in plant defence for livestock grazing remain to be tested.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4111384 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcu141 | DOI Listing |
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