A promising transducer architecture for largearea arrays employs 2-D capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer (CMUT) devices with backside trench-frame pillar interconnects. Reconfigurable array (RA) application-specified integrated circuits (ASICs) can provide efficient interfacing between these high-element-count transducer arrays and standard ultrasound systems. Standard electronic assembly techniques such as flip-chip and ball grid array (BGA) attachment, along with organic laminate substrate carriers, can be leveraged to create large-area arrays composed of tiled modules of CMUT chips and interface ASICs. A large-scale, fully populated and integrated 2-D CMUT array with 32 by 192 elements was developed and demonstrates the feasibility of these techniques to yield future large-area arrays. This study demonstrates a flexible and reliable integration approach by successfully combining a simple under-bump metallization (UBM) process and a stacked CMUT/interposer/ASIC module architecture. The results show high shear strength of the UBM (26.5 g for 70-μm balls), high interconnect yield, and excellent CMUT resonance uniformity (s = 0.02 MHz). A multi-row linear array was constructed using the new CMUT/interposer/ASIC process using acoustically active trench-frame CMUT devices and mechanical/ nonfunctional Si backside ASICs. Imaging results with the completed probe assembly demonstrate a functioning device based on the modular assembly architecture.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2013.2709 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Ocean University of China, School of Medicine and Pharmcy, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, CHINA.
Due to the inaccessibility of β1-4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase for the direct glycan chain elongation, the enzymatic synthesis of 0-series ganglioside with extended backbone has not been explored. In this the sialic acid was enzymatically introduced as an auxiliary group to overcome the limitation of substrate specificity of Campylobacter jejuni β1-4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (CjCgtA) to achieve the synthesis of desired extended 0-series ganglioside core structures. A bacterial α2-6-sialyltransferase from Photobacterium damselae (Pd2,6ST) exhibits unexpected acceptor substrate specificity for 0-series ganglioside core structures, providing an easy access for the synthesis of complex gangliosides bearing the sialyl N-acetylgalactosamine unit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
December 2024
Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, No.30, Shuangqing Avenue, Beijing, Haidian 100084, China.
Cyclic compounds are appealing owing to their intrinsic porous structures and facile accessibility as building blocks (BBs) for fabricating high-order assemblies. Nevertheless, the modular synthesis of such molecular entities and their subsequent controlled assembly are still very challenging. Herein, we report the synthesis of a gigantic molybdenum blue (MB) wheel {Mo} (), featuring a skirt-shaped structure dimerized from {Mo}.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Peptoids (N-substituted glycines) are a class of sequence-defined synthetic peptidomimetic polymers with applications including drug delivery, catalysis, and biomimicry. Classical molecular simulations have been used to predict and understand the conformational dynamics of single chains and their self-assembly into morphologies including sheets, tubes, spheres, and fibrils. The CGenFF-NTOID model based on the CHARMM General Force Field has demonstrated success in accurate all-atom molecular modeling of peptoid structure and thermodynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, PR China. Electronic address:
The reactive substance consisting manganese oxides (MnOx) and solid carbon have been reported to be effective in polishing secondary wastewater; however, the treatment characteristics and mechanism remains limited. In this study, MnOx/carbon (Mn-C) composites were applied in biofilters to evaluate simultaneous removal of nitrate and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), with the single carbon composites as control. Results showed that the effluent concentrations of NO-N and SMX were below 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
December 2024
Nanjing Tech University, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, No 30, Puzhu Road(s), 211816, Nanjing, CHINA.
Polyaromatics, as the assembly of diverse cyclic π-systems, exhibit unique physicochemical properties when compared to their individual constituents. In this study, we developed a strategic connection of two azacycles via a furan bridge through a defluorinative diazolation-cyclization reaction of trifluoromethyl enones and N-heterocycles. A range of modular 2,4-furan-bridged triheterocycles (FBTHs), featuring a C3-trifluoromethyl group, was synthesized with broad substrate scope and good regioselectivity under transition metal-free conditions.
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