AI Article Synopsis
- Red mud (RM), a byproduct of aluminum production, leads to significant environmental damage, especially highlighted by the Kolontar disaster in Hungary, where it was released into the environment.
- Experimental results showed that RM induces chromosomal damage and root growth retardation in plants, like Tradescantia and Allium, due to high levels of vanadate present in the RM.
- Vanadate not only affects plants but also poses a potential health risk to humans, as it has been linked to DNA damage and cancer, indicating a global environmental concern that requires further investigation.
Article Abstract
Unlabelled: Red mud (RM) is a byproduct of aluminum production; worldwide between 70 and 120 million tons is produced annually. We analyzed RM which was released in the course of the Kolontar disaster in Hungary into the environment in acute and genotoxicity experiments with plants which are widely used for environmental monitoring. We detected induction of micronuclei which reflect chromosomal damage in tetrads of Tradescantia and in root cells of Allium as well as retardation of root growth with contaminated soils and leachates. Chemical analyses showed that RM contains metals, in particular high concentrations of vanadium. Follow-up experiments indicated that vanadate causes the effects in the plants. This compound causes also in humans DNA damage and positive results were obtained in carcinogenicity studies. Since it was found also in RM from other production sites our findings indicate that its release in the environment is a global problem which should be studied in more detail.
Capsule Abstract: Our findings indicate that the red mud causes genotoxic effect in plants probably due to the presence of vanadate which is contained at high concentrations in the residue.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.052 | DOI Listing |
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